无监督的深度表示学习能够发现表型,用于脑成像的遗传关联研究
Khush Patel1, Ziqian Xie1, Hao Yuan2
1McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Communications biology
|April 5, 2024
概括
这项研究介绍了无监督深度学习衍生成像表型 (UDIP) 用于分析大脑结构遗传学. 通过深度学习从脑MRI中获得的UDIPs揭示了与大脑形态学相关的新型遗传位置.
科学领域:
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 对大脑结构的遗传研究受到当前大脑形态学描述者的局限性所阻碍.
- 传统的图像衍生的表型 (IDP) 往往依赖于专家定义或有限的数据,引入偏见.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种新的,不偏见的方法来利用无监督的深度表示学习来获得脑成像表型.
- 使用这些新型表型,识别与大脑结构相关的遗传位置.
主要方法:
- 在英国生物库的大脑MRI (T1/T2-FLAIR) 上训练了一个3D卷积自编码器,以生成128维的无监督深度学习衍生成像表型 (UDIP).
- 在英国大型生物库队列中对UDIP进行全基因组关联研究 (GWAS),以进行发现和复制.
- 采用基于扰动的解码器来解释与UDIPs的遗传关联.
主要成果:
- 确定了9457个显著的单核酸多态 (SNPs),组织成97个独立的遗传位置,其中60个位置被复制.
- 在T1/T2 IDP-based GWAS中发现了26个以前未报告的新型遗传位点.
- 证明已识别的位置与对应于多个相关大脑区域的UDIP相关.
结论:
- 无监督深度学习提供了一种强大而公正的方法来获得可遗传和可解释的大脑成像表型.
- 这种方法有助于我们更好地理解大脑结构的遗传结构.
- UDIPs为神经成像中的遗传研究提供了一个强大的新工具.
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