耳炎传媒流行病学的多机构评估,使用现实世界的数据
Kavita Dedhia1, Mitch Maltenfort2, Lisa Elden1
1The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
|April 6, 2024
概括
大约40%的儿童在3岁时出现中耳炎 (OM). 肺炎球菌-13疫苗接种和COVID-19疫苗接种后,OM的发病率下降,但儿童面状况的风险仍然很高.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
背景情况:
- 中耳炎 (OM) 是一种常见的儿童感染.
- 了解OM发生率和风险因素对于公共卫生至关重要.
- 现实世界的数据可以为OM流行病学提供宝贵的见解.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定儿科中耳炎 (OM) 的发病率.
- 确定OM的社会人口统计学和与健康有关的风险因素.
- 分析关键公共卫生干预措施后的OM趋势.
主要方法:
- 使用PEDSnet电子健康记录数据 (2009-2021) 的回顾性队列研究.
- 包括初次访问时年龄小于6个月的儿童,纵向跟踪.
- 用Cox比例危险模型进行时间到事件分析,用于评估风险因素.
主要成果:
- 该队列包括910,265名儿童;39.6%的儿童在3岁时至少经历过一次OM事件.
- 在肺炎球菌-13疫苗接种 (PCV-13) 和COVID-19大流行后,OM率下降.
- 较高的OM发病率与年轻年龄,少数种族/族裔,公共保险,男性性别,口腔裂,初级纤维动力障碍症,三症21,亚托皮性皮炎和胃食道逆流有关.
结论:
- 几乎40%的孩子在3岁时就有OM.
- PCV-13和COVID-19与OM率的降低相关.
- 患有面异常 (如口腔裂) 和功能受损的儿童面临着最高的OM风险.
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