基于证据的全面健康维护
1The Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
The American journal of medicine
|April 6, 2024
概括
初级预防提供了巨大的潜力,但在美国获得的医疗保健支出和培训很少. 本综述总结了基于证据的综合疾病预防和查建议,以减少死亡率和改善健康结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 预防医学 预防医学
- 基于证据的医学 基于证据的医学
背景情况:
- 初级预防对于预防,延迟或缓解疾病至关重要,但在医学教育中没有得到足够的资金和关注.
- 诸如过早死亡,心血管事件和器官衰竭等可预防的疾病普遍存在,肥胖,糖尿病和药物滥用等流行病加剧了这种情况.
- 缺乏基于证据的预防策略和查建议的综合总结.
研究的目的:
- 对疾病预防和查的高质量证据进行全面审查.
- 提取并提出更新的,基于证据的初级预防和早期检测建议.
- 突出通过各种预防性干预来实现的显著风险降低.
主要方法:
- 高质量的证据的系统审查,包括系统审查,元分析和实践指南.
- 专注于过去20年出版的文学作品.
- 提取关于全面预防疾病和批准查的最新建议.
主要成果:
- 确定了与生活方式干预,药物预防和各种查计划相关的显著风险降低.
- 关于癌症查,其他认可的查和免疫接种的总结建议.
- 解决患者-医疗服务提供者界面中的挑战和机遇,以提供有效的预防服务.
结论:
- 尽管有巨大的潜力,但初级预防在医疗保健和医疗培训中资金不足,重视不足.
- 对生活方式干预,药物预防和查的基于证据的建议可以显著降低疾病负担.
- 改善患者-医疗服务提供者界面对于有效实施预防策略至关重要.
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