[分析高风险职业群体的个人防护和影响因素在中国]
1Department for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310021, China.
概括
在高风险职业群体中,个人防护设备 (PPE) 在中国的使用率很低,标准化使用率仅为20.13%. 针对性干预和健康教育对于改善个人防护设备的采用和遵守国家控制计划至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
背景情况:
- 在中国,百菌病构成了重大职业风险.
- 国家防治和预防乳头病计划 (2016-2020年) 强调个人保护.
- 了解当前个人防护设备 (PPE) 的使用对于评估计划有效性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估中国高风险职业群体中个人防护设备使用的现状.
- 提供证据,用于评估国家预防和控制野兽病计划 (2016-2020年).
主要方法:
- 从2019年12月到2020年7月进行了一项跨部门调查.
- 在山西省和新疆维吾尔自治区的四个县被选中.
- 对2,384名高风险患乳病的人进行了关于个人防护设备使用的调查.
主要成果:
- 标准化个人防护设备的使用率很低,为20.13%.
- 手套,口罩,鞋和工作服的使用率分别为38.26%,31.80%,32.01%和30.87%.
- 在不同年龄,职业,教育和地区群体中观察到个人防护设备使用的显著差异,老年人,妇女,农民和教育程度较低的人群的比例较低. 牧民和兽医显示,标准化个人防护设备的使用率更高.
结论:
- 在中国的高风险职业群体中,个人防护设备的使用率和标准化使用率低于最佳水平,低于国家计划要求.
- 在个人防护设备使用方面存在显著的区域差异.
- 需要采取紧急措施,包括个人防护设备分发和健康教育,以及加强区域间信息共享.
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