精神状态谈话和思想理论之间的纵向关系
Isac Sehlstedt1, Isabelle Hansson2, Erland Hjelmquist2
1Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 500, Gothenburg, SE, 405 30, Sweden. isac.sehlstedt@psy.gu.se.
BMC psychology
|April 6, 2024
概括
家长的心理状态谈话 (MST) 显著预测了孩子的思维理论 (ToM) 发展. 父母讨论认知状态,特别是使用单词比例,促进了孩子更好的ToM理解和成长.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 关于儿童心智理论 (ToM) 和父母心理状态谈话 (MST) 的以前的研究主要使用横截面设计.
- 在之前的研究中,虚假信念任务是ToM的常见指标.
研究的目的:
- 纵向研究父母MST与幼儿ToM发育之间的关联.
- 检查不同类型的家长MST (频率,比例,词汇量) 以及它们对ToM的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项纵向研究跟踪了80名年龄在3-5岁的儿童.
- 儿童的ToM使用ToM尺度进行了评估.
- 家长的MST是通过绝对频率,单词比例和词汇量来衡量的.
主要成果:
- 所有父母的MST类型都显示出与后来的孩子的ToM有显著的关系.
- 父母MST的比例与4岁时的ToM最强烈相关.
- 绝对频率和MST的词汇量与3到5年的ToM发展率有关.
- 认知性MST单词 (例如",思考"",知道") 更多地与儿童的ToM相关,而不是情感或欲望单词.
结论:
- 父母表达思想,信念和知识的能力与孩子的ToM发展有关.
- 父母对心理状态的沟通会影响孩子对ToM的理解和进步.
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