美国就业成年人中与工作相关的喘患病率
Girija Syamlal1, Katelynn E Dodd1, Jacek M Mazurek1
1Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.
与工作相关的喘 (WRA) 影响6.9%的美国喘工人,不成比例地影响老年男性和服务业工人. 早期识别WRA是预防不良健康结果和失去工作日的关键.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 与工作相关的喘 (WRA) 是一种可预防的职业疾病,导致严重的健康问题和残疾.
- 早期识别WRA和避免暴露对于有效管理和减轻不良结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计美国工人中WRA的患病率.
- 根据社会人口统计学因素,行业和职业分析WRA的流行情况.
- 为了比较WRA和非WRA工人的健康结果和丢失的工作日.
主要方法:
- 分析了2020年全国健康访谈调查 (NHIS) 的数据,用于雇佣成年人.
- 使用多变量逻辑回归来估计患病率.
- 调整的流行率和95%的置信区间的计算.
主要成果:
- 据估计,130万美国工人 (7.6%) 患有喘,89.6万 (6.9%) 患有WRA.
- 男人,老年工人 (≥55岁),没有保险的个人以及特定服务和生产职业的人群中,WRA的患病率最高.
- 工人报告使用预防药物,救援吸入器,并经历了更多的不良健康结果和失去了工作日.
结论:
- 有针对性的干预措施,包括工作场所暴露评估和控制策略,对于WRA预防至关重要.
- 早期识别WRA病例对于减轻不良健康后果和就业残疾至关重要.
- 解决WRA需要采用综合方法,考虑个体工人的特点和工作场所环境.
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