相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 29, 2025

08:31
Antibody-Free Assay for RNA Methyltransferase Activity Analysis
Published on: July 9, 2019
7.2K
通过NAT10进行RNA丁乙化的分子基础
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|April 8, 2024
概括
研究人员发现了RNA乙化由NAT10的分子基础,NAT10是核糖体生物发生和蛋白质转化中的关键酶,为癌症和衰老疗法提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 人类NAT10在RNA中乙化丁,这对核糖体生物发生和蛋白质翻译至关重要.
- NAT10是癌症和老化障碍的治疗标,如哈森-吉尔福德进展症综合征.
研究的目的:
- 通过NAT10.0阐明RNA特异性乙化的分子基础.
- 为NAT10的催化机制提供结构性见解.
主要方法:
- 确定了单粒子冷电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 结构的Chaetomium热 NAT10 (Ct NAT10).
- 使用了带有ADP和没有ADP的双基质赛蒂丁-CoA探针.
- 进行了基于结构的突变发生和体外分析.
- 进行了酵母补充和人类细胞衰老试验.
主要成果:
- 揭示了Ct NAT10形成了一个对称的,心形二元体,在活性位点周围具有功能域.
- 鉴定了保存的活性部位残留物 (His548,Tyr549) 和对于RNA特异性乙化至关重要的基本补丁.
- 已证明NAT10的催化活性与酵母热适应和细胞衰老有关.
- 与蛋白质乙转移酶相比,观察到NAT10中异常开放的活性部位,表明RNA的专业化.
结论:
- 提供了对真核RNAN4-cytidine通过NAT10.0乙化进行分子洞察.
- 证明了NAT10在酵母热适应和细胞衰老中的作用.
- 结构和功能数据为针对NAT10的有针对性的治疗策略铺平了道路.
相关概念视频
RNA Editing
9.0K
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
9.0K
Transfer RNA Synthesis
11.9K
One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
11.9K
Nucleic Acid Structure
6.1K
The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA...
DNA Structure
DNA...
6.1K
RNA Stability
33.5K
Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
33.5K
Phase II Reactions: Acetylation Reactions
223
Acetylation, a phase II biotransformation reaction, introduces an acetyl group to drugs or their metabolites. Acetyltransferase enzymes facilitate this reaction, which resembles α-amino acid conjugation due to the addition of a functional group to the drug molecule.
The substrates for acetylation are typically drugs or their metabolites with an amino, sulfonamide, or hydrazine functional group. Acetylation can occur at several points in the drug molecule, including primary, secondary, and...
The substrates for acetylation are typically drugs or their metabolites with an amino, sulfonamide, or hydrazine functional group. Acetylation can occur at several points in the drug molecule, including primary, secondary, and...
223
RNA Structure
71.4K
Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
71.4K

