在与人类进行流动程序中的应急评估中,线索持续时间和试验间隔效应
Jérémie Jozefowiez1, Ralph R Miller2
1Universite de Lille, Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Sciences (SCALab UMR CNRS 9193).
概括
关联式学习的循环/试验 (C/T) 规则并不完全适用于人类,尤其是在快速试验条件下. 人类应急学习对试验间隔 (ITI) 很敏感,但对提示时间不敏感,这挑战了现有的模型.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 行为神经科学 行为神经科学
- 学习和记忆的学习和记忆
背景情况:
- 循环/试验 (C/T) 规则认为,关联性学习率取决于整体刺激呈现率 (C) 与条件刺激 (CS;T) 期间的速度的比率.
- 这一规则在非人类动物研究中得到了很好的证实.
- 它对人类应急学习的适用性,特别是在快速试验条件下,仍未得到充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查C/T规则是否准确地预测了人类的关联学习.
- 检查试验间隔 (ITI) 和提示时间对人类应急学习的影响.
- 探索在快速事件呈现过程中关联式学习过程中的潜在故障.
主要方法:
- 进行了四项实验,人类参与者接受了快速试验流.
- 在不同的实验中,试验间隔 (ITI) 和暗示持续时间各不相同.
- 评估对提示结果突发事件的敏感性.
- 在一个实验中操纵语言策略抑制.
主要成果:
- 人类应急学习对ITI敏感,但对提示时间不敏感,违反了C/T规则.
- ITI效应不成比例地大于提示时间效应.
- 当间隔超过1000ms时,性能对ITI和提示时间都变得不敏感.
- 口头策略抑制没有影响ITI效应.
结论:
- C/T 规则并不完全考虑人类的关联学习,特别是在快速处理条件下.
- 当事件时间被压缩时,人类的关联学习机制可能与非人类模型不同.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解快速事件时间如何影响学习过程.
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