概括
20世纪中叶美国的道路规划将种族和阶级交织在一起,揭示了基础设施项目如何经常体现种族主义意识形态. 当前的政策承认这些历史上的伤害,促使研究拆除分裂的州际高速公路.
科学领域:
- 技术的历史 技术的历史
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 种族和基础设施的社会学.
背景情况:
- 20世纪中叶美国的道路规划涉及复杂的政治,社会和专业考虑.
- 历史基础设施项目,如州际高速公路,对城市社区,特别是少数民族社区产生了深远而往往有害的影响.
- 人们越来越认识到,联邦政府资助的基础设施不是中立的,而是嵌入了特定的意识形态,包括种族主义的意识形态.
研究的目的:
- 分析20世纪中叶美国道路规划和设计的政治.
- 检查种族,阶级和专业意识形态在基础设施发展中的相互联系的角色.
- 突出种族和基础设施的系统性质,作为一个关键的当代问题.
主要方法:
- 对两个对比的道路项目的比较分析:巴尔的摩的"无路公路"和弗吉尼亚州蓝公园公路的一段.
- 检查与20世纪中叶道路规划有关的历史文件和政策.
- 关于价值观,技术和基础设施之间的关系的文献综述.
主要成果:
- 道路规划和设计决策受到种族和阶级偏见以及专业意识形态的重大影响.
- 基础设施项目,特别是州际高速公路,往往是为了隔离和伤害市内社区,不成比例地影响少数群体.
- 该研究强调,基础设施不是一个中立的实体,而是社会价值观和权力结构的反映.
结论:
- 了解种族和基础设施的历史纠对于应对当代城市规划挑战至关重要.
- 目前的联邦倡议研究分裂性州际高速公路的解体,这些承认过去的伤害.
- 对价值观如何塑造技术和基础设施的分析仍然是一个突出的和重要的研究领域.
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