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相关概念视频

Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

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The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
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Multi-species Conserved Sequences02:51

Multi-species Conserved Sequences

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Next-generation sequencing technologies have created large genomic databases of a variety of animals and plants. Ever since the human genome project was completed, scientists studied the genome of primates, mammals, and other phylogenetically distant living beings. Such large-scale  studies have provided new insights into the evolutionary relationship between organisms.
Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved...
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RACE - Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends02:35

RACE - Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends

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Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends, or RACE, is one of the most effective methods to obtain a full-length cDNA from an mRNA sequence between a known internal region to the unknown sequence at the 5’ or 3’ end. The unknown region is cloned in the cDNA by a gene-specific primer that binds the known end, and a hybrid primer that attaches a predefined anchor sequence to the unknown end of the cDNA. The sequence in between is amplified by PCR with an anchor primer and a gene-specific...
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Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins02:26

Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins

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Protein domains are small structurally independent units that are part of a single amino acid chain.  Although these domains are often structurally independent, they may rely on synergistic effects to perform their functions as part of a larger protein. Protein domains may be conserved within the same organism, as well as across different organisms.
A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to...
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Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

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Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Rare Event Detection Using Error-corrected DNA and RNA Sequencing
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祖先序列重建剖析了埃索诺菲尔核糖核酸酶之间的结构和功能差异.

Thi Thanh Quynh Tran1, Chitra Narayanan2, Andrea N Loes3

  • 1Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Université du Québec, Laval, Quebec, Canada.

The Journal of biological chemistry
|April 8, 2024
PubMed
概括

科学家们通过重建祖先的核糖核酶 (AncRNase) 序列来设计了一种新型酶. 这种工程酶表现出抗微生物和细胞毒性,证明了对核糖酶功能的向调节.

关键词:
在RNase 2中使用RNase 2.在RNase 3中使用RNase 3.在X射线晶体学.这是祖先的RNasease.祖先的序列重建的重建.仿造物质的诞生 仿造物质的诞生 chimeragenesis埃索诺菲尔是什么意思 埃索诺菲尔是什么意思埃奥西诺菲尔类阴性蛋白质的蛋白质.埃索诺菲尔衍生的神经毒素来自于埃索诺菲尔.分子动力学分子动力学蛋白质的进化 蛋白质的进化结构生物学结构生物学

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科学领域:

  • 生物化学 生物化学
  • 进化生物学 进化生物学
  • 结构生物学 结构生物学

背景情况:

  • 保存的蛋白质折叠可以演变出各种功能,但难以预测驱动新活动的原子级相互作用.
  • 胰腺类型核糖核酶 (RNases) 具有共同的核心结构,适应了各种生物作用.
  • 乙氨基酸RNase 2和RNase 3亚家族在一个保存的结构折叠中展示了功能差异.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究区分生物活动的进化和分子因素在乙素RNase2/3亚家族内.
  • 了解祖先和当代乙素RNases之间的功能,结构和动态差异.
  • 使用祖先序列重建的见解,设计新的RNase函数.

主要方法:

  • 祖先序列重建以推断进化途径.
  • 对祖先和当代RNases的功能性,结构性和动态性质的比较分析.
  • 基于祖先序列预测的蛋白质工程来创建嵌合酶.

主要成果:

  • 鉴定出不同的功能,结构和动态行为,使祖先的核糖核酶 (AncRNase) 与当代的正统学家区别开来.
  • 证明AncRNase预测可以指导蛋白质工程的努力.
  • 成功设计了一种4-残留变体,该变体赋予了类似RNase 3的抗菌和细胞毒性活动给人类RNase 2.

结论:

  • 阐明了控制氨基酸RNases中的结构-功能关系的进化途径.
  • 提供了关于RNase 2/3亚家族内功能分歧的突变基础的见解.
  • 展示了祖先重建的潜力,以设计具有新,有针对性的功能的酶.