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相关概念视频

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
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The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
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Mitotic cell division results in daughter cells that exactly resemble the parent cell. However, errors in the DNA replication or distribution of genetic material may lead to genetic mutations that may be passed down to every new cell formed from the resulting abnormal cell. Propagation of such mutant cells is restricted through checkpoint mechanisms present at different stages of the cell cycle. These checkpoints involve regulator molecules that either promote or demote cell cycle events.
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Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors01:52

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Certain biochemical processes, such as embryonic development and cell growth regulation, depend on the repression of specific genes. DNA binding proteins known as eukaryotic transcription inhibitors regulate the repression of gene expression in eukaryotes. The presence of these inhibitors at the required location and time in the cell is triggered by the presence of hormones and additional signals from other cells.
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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
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转录机体通过隔离CDK9来调节基因表达.

Martino Ugolini1,2, Maciej A Kerlin1, Ksenia Kuznetsova2

  • 1Center for Integrative Genomics (CIG), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.

Nature cell biology
|April 8, 2024
PubMed
概括

斑马鱼胚胎中的转录体通过隔离像CDK9.9这样的基本转录因子来调节基因表达. 破坏这些体会导致数百个基因的调节不当,突出显示它们在控制转录中的关键作用.

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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 发展生物学 发展生物学
  • 基因规则 基因规则

背景情况:

  • 转录发生在专门的核体中,但它们在基因表达中的调节作用尚未完全理解.
  • 斑马鱼胚胎中的zygotic转录始于不同的转录体.

研究的目的:

  • 研究转录体在调节基因表达中的功能.
  • 确定转录体如何影响斑马鱼中细胞转录的开始.

主要方法:

  • 斑马鱼胚胎内源转录体的破坏.
  • 使用丰富的SLAM-seq. 的基因表达的分析.
  • 活细胞成像观察转录动态.
  • 研究CDK9在转录体中的作用.

主要成果:

  • 转录体的破坏导致了数百个基因的错误调节,特别是平衡基因的上调调节.
  • 均衡的基因,尽管可访问的染色质,未能在完整的转录体的存在下延长.
  • 活细胞成像揭示了在异胎体中被破坏时平衡基因的转录.
  • 发现CDK9,一种用于转录延长的关键激酶,在转录体中被丰富.
  • 过度表达CDK9模仿了转录体中断的影响.

结论:

  • 转录机体通过隔离必要的转录机器,如CDK9.9,作为监管中心.
  • 这种隔离可以防止过早或异胎转录的平衡基因.
  • 转录机体在早期发育过程中,在控制基因表达的精确时间和位置方面发挥着至关重要的作用.