在印度通过强化使命印拉达努什扩大常规免疫覆盖范围的健康影响和成本效益
Emma Clarke-Deelder1,2,3, Christian Suharlim4,5, Susmita Chatterjee6,7
1Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
Health policy and planning
|April 9, 2024
概括
定期强化常规免疫接种 (PIRI) 策略,比如印度的强化使命Indradhanush (IMI),是提高儿童疫苗接种覆盖率的成本效益. 这种方法成功地达到零剂量儿童和避免死亡,证明了显著的公共卫生价值.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,儿童疫苗接种覆盖率仍然低于最佳水平,成本有效策略的证据有限.
- 达到"零剂量儿童" (未接种疫苗) 面临独特的挑战,需要有针对性的干预措施.
- 定期强化常规免疫接种 (PIRI) 是一种广泛使用的策略,以提高疫苗接种率.
研究的目的:
- 评估印度大规模PIRI计划 - - 强化使命印德拉努什 (IMI) 干预的成本效益.
- 估计IMI的增加成本和对健康的影响 (输送的剂量,避免的死亡,DALY).
- 从免疫计划和社会角度评估IMI的成本效益.
主要方法:
- 利用原始数据来衡量IMI在40个样本地区的增量经济成本.
- 用人控制的中断时间序列回归以估计分量接种的增量疫苗剂量.
- 估计避免死亡和残疾调整寿命年 (DALYs) 使用拯救生命工具.
主要成果:
- 从计划的角度来看,IMI的估计增加了1370万美元的成本,提供了额外的220万剂疫苗.
- 据估计,该干预措施避免了1413人死亡,并且在1x人均GDP/每DALY避免的门上具有成本效益 (90%的概率).
- 每剂量成本为6.21美元,每位零剂量儿童达到的成本为82.99美元,每次DALY转移为327.63.3美元.
结论:
- 强化"印拉丹乌什计划" (IMI) 在改善印度的疫苗接种覆盖率方面表现出显著的影响和成本效益.
- 该策略在达到零剂量儿童和避免死亡率和发病率方面是有效的.
- 未来的疫苗接种计划扩大覆盖范围可能会面临不断增加的单位成本,因为到达未接种疫苗的人口的挑战.
相关概念视频
Vaccinations
44.4K
Overview
44.4K
Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
3.3K
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
3.3K
Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention
12.6K
Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
12.6K
International Nursing Organizations II
1.0K
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations based in Geneva. The WHO has many initiatives that center around health. Primarily, they lead global efforts to expand universal health coverage using science-based policies and programs. They are also responsible for shaping health research agendas and developing norms and standards.
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
1.0K
Principles of Disease Surveillance
94
Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
94
Introduction To Health Care Delivery System
2.7K
The healthcare system is constantly changing and complex. Various services are available from different healthcare providers, but gaining access to these services has become challenging for people with limited healthcare insurance. Uninsured people present a challenge to healthcare because they frequently postpone or forego treatment.
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) advocates for a patient-centered, effective, safe, timely, equitable, and effective healthcare system. The National Priorities...
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) advocates for a patient-centered, effective, safe, timely, equitable, and effective healthcare system. The National Priorities...
2.7K


