托斯卡纳监狱中SARS-CoV-2感染的流行率和特征
Cristina Stasi1,2, Martina Pacifici1, Caterina Milli1
1Epidemiology Unit, Regional Health Agency of Tuscany, Florence 50141, Italy.
World journal of experimental medicine
|April 9, 2024
概括
研究了严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 的监狱爆发情况. 外国囚犯和患有神经系统疾病的囚犯感染风险较高,但总体而言,监狱发生率低于一般人群.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染病控制和控制传染病
- 惩戒设施中的公共卫生.
背景情况:
- 监狱是传染性疾病传播的高风险环境,包括严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2),由于密切居住区.
- 了解监狱中的SARS-CoV-2流行病学对于实施有效的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估囚犯中SARS-CoV-2感染的发病率.
- 在监狱人口中识别与SARS-CoV-2感染相关的风险因素.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项观察性队列研究,涉及接受SARS-CoV-2鼻抽样测试的囚犯.
- 数据包括人口统计,扫描结果和使用国际疾病分类,第九次修订和临床修改分类的诊断.
- 测试发生在2021年2月15日至2021年5月31日期间,针对有症状的个人和新抵达者.
主要成果:
- 在1744名囚犯中,1381人 (79.2%) 接受了测试,其中85人 (6.2%) 检测出SARS-CoV-2阳性.
- 外国囚犯 (相对风险[RR]=2.4) 和患有神经系统疾病的囚犯 (RR=4) 的感染风险明显更高.
- 监狱人口中的SARS-CoV-2总体发病率低于托斯卡纳一般人口 (标准化发病率=0.7).
结论:
- 针对性查和对弱势群体 (如移民) 及时获得医疗保健,对于减轻在监狱中的SARS-CoV-2传播至关重要.
- 积极的健康策略可以有效地减少被监禁人口的发病率和死亡率.
- 这项研究强调了在惩戒机构中针对性公共卫生措施的重要性,以控制传染病.
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