了解外体:第二部分 - - 再生医学领域的新兴领导者
Richard J Miron1, Nathan E Estrin2,3, Anton Sculean1
1Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Periodontology 2000
|April 9, 2024
概括
外体,微小的细胞衍生的囊泡,显示出再生医学的巨大潜力,用于治疗从神经退行性疾病到癌症的各种疾病. 这篇综述强调了它们广泛的治疗应用和日益增长的研究意义.
科学领域:
- 细胞外囊泡和再生医学
背景情况:
- 外体是纳米级的细胞外囊泡,调解细胞间通信.
- 它们的再生潜力得到越来越多的认可,推动了研究的显著增长.
- 每年有超过5000篇出版物强调了对外体组疗法的日益兴趣.
研究的目的:
- 提供对外体细胞的再生能力的综合总结.
- 涵盖广泛的疾病和疾病可以用外体治疗.
- 作为基于外体的再生医学的基础资源.
主要方法:
- 覆盖范围审查方法.
- 系统的文献搜索和综合.
- 在医疗领域对外体应用的分类.
主要成果:
- 外体在神经退行性疾病 (如阿尔茨海默氏症,帕金森氏症) 中显示出治疗效用.
- 应用范围扩展到受损器官 (心脏,脏,肝脏),退行性疾病 (糖尿病,动脉样硬化) 和传染病 (COVID-19).
- 在抗衰老,组织修复 (骨,软骨,皮肤) 和癌症治疗等程序中观察到显著的再生效应.
结论:
- 外体具有广泛而多样化的再生潜力.
- 它们为大量疾病和伤害提供了有前途的治疗途径.
- 需要进一步的研究,以充分利用基于外体细胞的再生策略.
相关概念视频
Overview of Exosomes
2.7K
Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
2.7K
Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells
2.7K
Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
2.7K
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
4.7K
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
4.7K
Embryonic Stem Cells
27.3K
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
27.3K
Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration
4.0K
Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...
4.0K


