意大利女子监狱中的HBV:一个被低估的问题?
Nicholas Geremia1,2, Federico Giovagnorio3, Andrea De Vito4,5
1Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine, Ospedale Dell'Angelo, 30174 Venice, Italy.
Journal of clinical medicine
|April 9, 2024
概括
在意大利的女性囚犯中评估了B型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 暴露和保护. 高龄,特定的起源和药物使用与更高的HBV暴露风险有关,许多人缺乏疫苗接种或保护性抗体.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 有限的数据存在于乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染,接种疫苗和暴露在意大利惩戒设施中的女性.
- 这项研究通过检查HBV暴露标志物和该人群中的保护性抗体水平来解决知识差距.
研究的目的:
- 确定乙型肝炎病毒暴露的流行率,并评估意大利监狱内女性囚犯的乙型肝炎表面抗体 (抗HBs) 保护状况.
- 为了确定与HBV暴露和缺乏保护性免疫相关的人口和行为风险因素.
主要方法:
- 在2021年至2023年期间,在意大利监狱进行了一项回顾性多中心研究.
- 来自156名女性囚犯的数据使用单变量和多变量统计方法进行了分析.
- 研究了乙型肝炎核心抗体 (抗HBc) 血清阳性和非保护性抗HBs标位的危险因素.
主要成果:
- 在19.9%的参与者中,B型肝炎核心抗体 (抗HBc) 呈阳性;两名女性的HBsAg呈阳性.
- 年龄较大,东北欧洲和非洲的起源,以及药物使用史是HBV暴露的重要风险因素.
- 32%的妇女缺乏HBV疫苗接种史,38%的妇女具有非保护性抗HBs抗体标位,其东北欧洲起源与非保护性标位相关.
结论:
- 该研究表明活跃的乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染率较低,但也强调女性囚犯的保护水平低于最佳.
- 暴露于HBV的关键风险因素包括年龄,特定的种族 (东北欧洲,非洲) 和药物使用.
- 针对性的疫苗接种和查策略对于这种脆弱人群来说至关重要,以提高HBV免疫力.
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