发育性语言障碍儿童的检索实践和单词学习:扩展检索是否提供额外的好处?
Laurence B Leonard1, Sharon L Christ2, Patricia Deevy1
1Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
概括
空间检索练习有助于发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 的儿童学习单词. 较短间隔的早期收益不能保证长期收益,需要进一步研究最佳学习计划.
科学领域:
- 儿童语言习得 儿童语言习得
- 发展心理学是发展心理学.
- 语音和语言治疗治疗.
背景情况:
- 患有发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 的儿童经常在学习单词方面遇到挑战.
- 间隔检索实践是一种已知的增强儿童学习的方法.
- 了解最佳间隔时间表对于有效的DLD干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较扩展检索实践与同等距离的检索实践在DLD学龄前儿童的单词学习中的有效性.
- 为了调查一个间隔时间表是否与另一个相比,产生更好的单词学习结果.
- 在一周的时间内分析单词记忆.
主要方法:
- 一项预先注册的研究涉及14名DLD儿童和14名典型发育 (TD) 儿童 (年龄为4-5岁).
- 孩子们学习了八个新名词,使用扩展式或等距离的检索时间表.
- 词回忆在第二次会议后立即被评估,并在一周后被评估.
主要成果:
- 典型的发育儿童比DLD儿童回忆更多的新词,这种差异可以通过词汇分数来解释.
- 这两组在一周内表现出类似的单词记忆能力.
- 最初,扩展时间表中的更短的间隔导致了更高的检索成功,有利于随后的试验,但准确性后来趋同.
结论:
- 通过缩短间距的早期检索成功可能无法预测长期的单词保留效益.
- 需要进一步的研究,以了解儿童的单词学习中短距离的细微差别.
- 优化DLD儿童间隔检索时间表需要仔细考虑初始收益和持续学习.
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