促进运动员发展:百分比比较方法 (PCM) 如何识别年轻人的发展特征
Shaun Abbott1, Clorinda Hogan2, Giovanni Postiglione2
1Discipline of Exercise & Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/ShaunAbb0tt.
Journal of science and medicine in sport
|April 9, 2024
概括
百分比比较方法 (PCM) 提供了一种新的方法,通过考虑发育差异来评估年轻人的体育表现. 这些方法可以识别出不同的运动员发展特征,改善绩效评估和运动员发展规划.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 儿科运动科学 儿科运动科学
- 人才识别和发展 人才识别和发展
背景情况:
- 青少年体育表现评估被个体间的发展差异所困扰.
- 准确的评估需要谨慎的方法和分析方法来考虑生物学和时间学年龄变化.
- 现有的方法可能无法充分捕捉年轻运动员细微的发展轨迹.
研究的目的:
- 开发,测试和应用百分比比较方法 (PCM) 来识别澳大利亚青少年游泳运动员的发展特征.
- 通过纳入发育方面的考虑,提高青年运动绩效评估的有效性.
- 通过更准确地了解个人进步,为运动员发展计划提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及866名9-15岁女性100米前游泳者的横截面研究.
- 收集的数据包括游泳表现,年龄,出生日期和人类测量措施,以确定相对年龄和成熟状态.
- 百分位排名是通过比较个人表现与年龄组规范来生成的,并根据相对年龄和成熟度状态进行调整.
主要成果:
- 相对年龄和成熟度调整的百分位排名与原始排名相比,改善了年轻和晚期成熟的游泳者的总体排名.
- 确定了五种不同的百分比比较方法的个人资料类型:"早期发展" (19%),"后期发展" (18%),"一致" (15%),"混合" (38%) 和"对抗" (10%).
- PCM有效地确定了发育上有利/不利的游泳者和潜在的发展轨迹.
结论:
- 百分比比较方法提高了青年运动绩效评估的有效性.
- PCM为个人运动员的发展提供了宝贵的见解,有助于识别人才和潜力.
- 应用PCM可以显著告知和改善青年游泳运动员的运动员发展计划.
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