社会支持,教育和行为修改干预措施,以改善一般社区居民家庭防灾准备:系统性审查和元分析
Taryn Amberson1, Tara Heagele2, Tamar Wyte-Lake3,4
1Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Frontiers in public health
|April 10, 2024
概括
家庭应急准备干预措施对供应或知识有效性的证据有限. 对于准备行为,发现了一个小的积极效应,但证据的确定性非常低.
科学领域:
- 灾难准备和公共卫生干预措施.
- 基于证据的社区卫生实践.
- 在健康科学领域进行系统审查和元分析.
背景情况:
- 对社区居民的家庭应急准备干预措施的有效性在很大程度上是未知的.
- 本次审查旨在评估社会支持,教育和行为干预措施的科学证据,以改善家庭对所有危险灾害的准备.
- 了解干预的有效性对于公共卫生规划和资源分配至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合有关社会支持,教育和行为干预措施的证据,以改善全危险家庭防灾准备.
- 确定有关这些准备干预措施有效性的科学知识的当前状态.
主要方法:
- 随机对照试验和非随机对照试验的系统审查和元分析.
- 搜索了多个数据库,试验登记册,报告和网站,由至少两位作者进行独立选和数据提取.
- 使用Cochrane的RoB2和ROBINS-I工具评估偏差风险,并使用GRADE评估证据确定性.
主要成果:
- 包括17项具有显著方法和临床多样性的研究.
- 对于准备用品或知识,没有发现显著的干预效应.
- 观察到对准备行为的微小积极影响 (SMD=0.53,95% CI 0.16至0.91),证据确定性非常低.
结论:
- 研究复杂,多面干预的方法学挑战会影响证据的确定性.
- 虽然总体证据强度低至非常低,但包括的研究提供了对家庭应急准备干预有效性的基本理解.
- 鼓励通过改进的研究设计进行进一步的研究,以推进这一关键公共卫生领域的科学发展.
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