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不同的牛奶脂肪含量与冠状动脉疾病和心肌梗塞风险的关联:孟德尔的随机化研究

Jiacan Wu¹, Guanghong Tao¹, Hua Xiao¹

¹Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.

|April 10, 2024

概括

消费脱脂牛奶可能会增加冠状动脉疾病 (CAD) 和心肌梗塞 (MI) 的风险. 全脂和半脂牛奶与这些心血管疾病没有因果关系. 这些关于脱脂牛奶的发现可以为饮食指南提供信息.

科学领域:

营养遗传学营养遗传学
心血管流行病学心血管流行病学
遗传流行病学遗传流行病学

背景情况:

观察性研究显示,牛奶消费 (全,半脱脂,脱脂) 与冠状动脉疾病 (CAD) 或心肌梗塞 (MI) 风险之间存在不一致的相关性.
牛奶脂肪含量与心血管结果之间的因果关系尚不清楚.
门德尔随机化 (MR) 提供了一种方法来研究使用遗传变异的潜在因果关系.

研究的目的:

确定不同脂肪含量 (全脂,半脂,脱脂) 的牛奶消费与CAD和MI风险之间的因果关系.
使用孟德尔随机化 (MR) 分析与公开可用的全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 总结统计数据.

主要方法:

采用孟德尔的随机化 (MR),使用单核酸多态 (SNP) 作为整个,半脱脂和脱脂牛奶摄入量的仪器变量.
使用逆方差加权 (IVW),加权中位数和MR-Egger回归方法.
进行敏感性分析以评估型和异质性,确保结果的稳定性.

主要成果:

在FDR校正后,脱脂牛奶摄入量被确定为CAD (OR = 5.302) 和MI (OR = 2.287) 的遗传预测风险因素.
敏感性测试证实了这些发现的可靠性.
没有观察到全脂或半脂牛奶消费与CAD或MI风险之间的因果关系.

结论:

消费脱脂牛奶可能会增加患 CAD 和 MI 的风险.
这些发现有助于提供证据,可以为预防心血管疾病的饮食建议提供信息.
需要进一步的研究来阐明具体的潜在生物机制.

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