COVID-19疫苗伤害赔偿计划:从对10个实施国家进行的审查中吸取的教训
Cho Ryok Kang1, Young June Choe2, Seok-Jun Yoon3
1Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
Journal of Korean medical science
|April 10, 2024
概括
韩国 韩国 韩国 韩国
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 免疫政策 免疫政策
- 卫生法 法律 卫生法
背景情况:
- 韩国国家疫苗伤害赔偿计划 (NVICP) 成立于1995年,为与疫苗有关的伤害提供了一个安全网.
- 随着COVID-19大流行,韩国NVICP的局限性变得明显,包括严格的因果关系标准,不透明的决策和不充分的赔偿金额.
- 在卫生危机期间,有效的疫苗伤害补偿对于公众信任和遵守国家疫苗政策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在COVID-19大流行期间分析韩国国家疫苗伤害赔偿计划 (NVICP) 的局限性.
- 审查10个主要国家的疫苗损伤补偿计划,以确定改善韩国系统的最佳做法.
- 提出可行的建议,以提高疫苗损伤赔偿的国家问责制和效率.
主要方法:
- 在10个主要国家的疫苗损伤补偿计划的比较分析.
- 确定有助于更有效补偿的具体计划特征.
- 审查管理疫苗损伤索赔的法律和行政框架.
主要成果:
- 几个国家 (德国,日本,台湾) 在疫苗损伤索赔中使用更宽松的因果关系标准.
- 强制性初步赔偿 (泰国) 和实际赔偿金额 (德国,法国,日本) 改善了申请人支持.
- 透明的流程,包括记录共享 (法国,英国),提高申诉人的信任和系统效率.
- 专门的疫苗损伤赔偿机构 (法国,英国,澳大利亚) 简化了这一过程.
结论:
- 韩国的NVICP需要进行重大改革,以应对与流行病相关的挑战.
- 采用国际最佳实践,如宽松的因果关系标准和透明的流程,至关重要.
- 建立一个专门的机构并确保实际的补偿对于有效的国家疫苗伤害补偿制度至关重要.
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