在灵长类的听觉皮层中,声音感觉运动相互作用的多个过程
Joji Tsunada1,2, Xiaoqin Wang3, Steven J Eliades4,5
1Auditory and Communication Systems Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Nature communications
|April 10, 2024
概括
听觉皮层使用两种截然不同的尾随性放电信号来进行语音自我监测. 一个精确地门神经活动在发声,而另一个音调预测声响反.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 系统神经科学 系统神经科学
背景情况:
- 感官运动相互作用对于声控至关重要,通过预测发声时间和声学的后果放电来调解声控.
- 有证据表明,附带放电可能涉及不同的抑制和反灵敏度过程,挑战单一机制理论.
- 以前的单个神经元记录由于重叠的运动和感官信号,难以区分这些过程.
研究的目的:
- 在发声过程中调查和解开听力皮层中明显的相关放电过程.
- 要区分发音过程中的神经抑制和对听觉反的增强敏感性.
- 为了描述这些过程的时间动态和频率选择性,在马尔莫塞特听觉皮层.
主要方法:
- 在海的听觉皮层中进行了单个神经记录,产生了多个短语的"推特"发音.
- 分析的重点是时间反应模式和与发声事件相对的神经活动的频率调.
- 区分分相位和强力抑制组件及其与声响反的关系.
主要成果:
- 确定了两种不同的声音抑制时间表:快速的阶段性抑制和持续的强力抑制.
- 阶段性和强力抑制都发生在单个神经元内.
- 阶段性抑制被广泛应用 (关口),独立于频率调,而调音性抑制是频率选择性的,与语音反 (预测) 有关.
结论:
- 听觉皮层在发声过程中利用并发的相继放电,采用不同的计算机制.
- 阶段性抑制在声乐产生过程中起到广泛的门作用.
- 音调抑制根据声频和预测反选择调节听觉皮层,支持预测编码模型.
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