远程工作者中冠状动脉疾病的发生率:全国性的基于网络的队列研究
Masayoshi Zaitsu1, Tomohiro Ishimaru2, Saki Tsushima1
1Center for Research of the Aging Workforce, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan.
Scientific reports
|April 10, 2024
概括
在日本,高层非手工工人面临更高的冠心病 (CHD) 风险,特别是年轻人. 远程工作显著调解了这种风险,解释了COVID-19大流行期间观察到的差异.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 社会经济地位,特别是职业,影响了冠心病 (CHD) 的风险.
- 心血管疾病风险的职业差异可能会受到工作安排的影响,例如远程工作.
- 随着COVID-19大流行,远程工作开始广泛普及,这可能会改变已有的职业健康模式.
研究的目的:
- 调查日本工人中心血管疾病风险的职业差异.
- 在COVID-19大流行期间检查远程工作对职业心脏病风险的缓解效应.
- 将日本职业心血管疾病风险模式与西方国家观察到的风险模式进行比较.
主要方法:
- 分析了日本一项全国性的基于网络的队列研究,其中包括17640名工人 (20-65岁).
- 基线数据采集于2020年12月,对心血管疾病发病 (胸痛/心肌梗塞) 进行1年的随访.
- 参与者按职业分类:高层非手工工人 (经理/专业人员) 与其他人.
主要成果:
- 与其他职业 (1.7%) 相比,高层非手工工人表现出更高的心脏病发病率 (2.3%).
- 这种增加的风险在年轻的工人 (20-49岁;调整后的风险比率=1.88) 中显著.
- 远程工作在上层非人工工人中更为普遍 (近15%高),并且与心脏病风险增加有关 (调整后风险比率=1.92),在年轻人中占差异的32%.
结论:
- 日本的职业心血管疾病风险模式与西方国家有所不同,在西方国家,更高的社会经济地位往往与更低的心血管风险相关.
- 在日本,高层非人工工人,特别是年轻工人,面临心血管疾病的风险较高.
- 在大流行期间,远程工作在日本的年轻,高级非人工工人中对心血管疾病风险起着重要的调解作用.
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