联合国维和人员的健康状况和风险因素 --- 一个系统的范围审查审查
Quan Yuan1, Yong Chen1, Shili Liu1
1Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.
Global health research and policy
|April 10, 2024
概括
由于部署环境,联合国维和人员面临复杂的健康挑战,包括心理健康问题. 为了在任务之前,期间和之后有效地保护健康,需要全面的,多方面的全球卫生战略.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 联合国 (联合国) 维和人员因冲突,自然灾害和复杂的紧急情况而在任务区域遇到重大健康挑战.
- 现有关于维和人员健康的研究需要综合,以确定知识差距并为未来的调查提供信息.
- 维和人员面临的健康问题往往是复杂的,并具有跨境影响.
研究的目的:
- 进行范围审查,总结有关联合国维和人员健康状况的现有研究.
- 确定与联合国维和人员相关的关键健康挑战,风险因素和保护战略.
- 突出需要在维和人员健康领域进行进一步调查的领域.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (Web of Science,PubMed,EMBASE,Scopus,CNKI) 进行了对英语和中文文学进行系统的文献搜索.
- 遵守系统审查和元分析 (PRISMA) 的首选报告项目,扩展范围审查.
- 由两名审稿人使用开发的图表形式提取数据,然后对调查结果进行叙事综合.
主要成果:
- 包括143项研究,其中一半以上关注联合国维和人员的心理健康问题 (如压力,焦虑).
- 确定的健康风险因素包括自然,社会,心理,行为,生物和卫生服务因素,其中社会环境因素是最受探索的.
- 卫生保护措施主要依赖于过去的部署经验,缺乏强有力的理论或全球卫生视角.
结论:
- 联合国维和人员的健康问题代表了具有复杂,跨境风险因素的典型全球健康问题.
- 建议制定全面的全球卫生战略,整合多阶段 (部署前,部署期间,部署后),多学科和多层次的方法.
- 有效的战略需要联合国,东道国,部队贡献国和维和人员之间的合作.
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