巴塔哥尼亚的伙伴关系:已灭绝的Dusicyon avus及其与史前人类社区的互动
Cinthia C Abbona1, Ophélie Lebrasseur2, Francisco J Prevosti3
1Instituto de Evolución, Ecología Histórica y Ambiente (IDEVEA), UTN-CONICET, Avenue Gral. Urquiza 314, CP5600, San Rafael, Mendoza, Argentina.
Royal Society open science
|April 11, 2024
概括
古代DNA分析显示,一个已灭绝的狐,Dusicyon avus,曾在巴塔哥尼亚北部存在. 这个Dusicyon avus个体很可能与人类共享饮食,并与人类一起被埋葬,这表明他们与人类有着密切的古代关系.
科学领域:
- 古遗传学是古遗传学的一部分.
- 考古学的考古学
- 古生态学 古生态学
背景情况:
- 狩猎采集者群体居住在门多萨南部,巴塔哥尼亚,直到历史时期.
- 动物组合中的犬类遗骸以前被认为是人类的饮食,分类学识别不确定.
- 以前的研究表明,犬类属于Lycalopex属,这引发了关于它们重要性的问题.
研究的目的:
- 重新评估来自Cañada Seca晚期Holocene埋葬地点的一种犬类的分类学分配.
- 确定古巴塔哥尼亚人类群体中犬类的物种和重要性.
- 为了调查Dusicyon avus.的地理分布和灭绝动态.
主要方法:
- 古代DNA (aDNA) 分析用于分类识别.
- 骨遗骸的形态检查. 骨遗骸的形态检查.
- 稳定同位素分析 (δ13Ccol和δ15N) 来推断饮食.
主要成果:
- 这只犬类动物被确定为已灭绝的狐Dusicyon avus,而不是Lycalopex.
- 这一发现将Dusicyon avus已知的地理范围扩展到巴塔哥尼亚北部.
- 遗传数据驳斥了Canis-Dusicyon杂交导致Dusicyon灭绝的假设.
- Dusicyon avus与人类共享类似的饮食,并且可能是故意与他们一起被埋葬的.
结论:
- 在晚期全新纪期间,Dusicyon avus居住在巴塔哥尼亚北部.
- 古代人类和Dusicyon avus有着密切的关系,由共享的饮食和埋葬实践证明.
- 与家养狗的杂交不太可能是杜西科恩物种灭绝的因素.
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