单细胞和散装RNA表达分析确定了急性髓性白血病爆发和干细胞中增强的赫索胺生物合成途径和O-GlcNAcylation
Robert Schauner1,2, Jordan Cress1, Changjin Hong2
1Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.
Frontiers in immunology
|April 11, 2024
概括
在急性髓性白血病 (AML) 中,六胺生物合成途径 (HBP) 被上调,从而推动癌细胞的存活和增殖. 抑制HBP和O-GlcNAcylation可能为AML提供一种新的治疗策略,特别是针对复发.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 癌症生物学 癌症生物学
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
背景情况:
- 急性髓性白血病 (AML) 是一种常见的成人白血病,预后不佳,复发率高.
- 虽然糖解和氧化酸化的作用是已知的,但AML中的赫索胺生物合成途径 (HBP) 仍然不太了解.
- HBP调节蛋白质O-GlcNAcylation,这是一个翻译后的修饰,在癌症中可能发挥作用.
研究的目的:
- 在急性髓性白血病 (AML) 中研究胺生物合成途径 (HBP) 的作用和治疗潜力.
- 检查AML细胞中HBP酶的表达和全球O-GlcNAcylation水平.
- 评估抑制O-GlcNAcylation对AML细胞增殖和存活的功能影响.
主要方法:
- 单细胞和大量RNA测序以分析AML爆发和干细胞中的HBP酶表达.
- 流细胞计量量化O-GlcNAc转移酶 (OGT) 蛋白质表达和全球O-GlcNAcylation.
- 西部涂抹和实时PCR评估O-GlcNAcylation抑制对基因表达和细胞周期进展的影响.
主要成果:
- 在AML细胞中,HBP酶表达和全球O-GlcNAcylation显著增加,与健康的造血干细胞和原始细胞 (HSPC) 相比.
- 在AML细胞中高OGT表达与NF-κB通路的丰富相关.
- 抑制O-GlcNAcylation降低了NF-κB核转位,抑制了细胞周期进展,并减少了NF-κB依赖基因的表达.
结论:
- HBP和O-GlcNAcylation代表了AML的潜在治疗点,影响了大量和干细胞.
- 向HBP可能是克服化疗耐药性和预防AML复发的有希望的策略.
- 对HBP抑制的进一步研究可能会导致急性髓性白血病的新型治疗方法.
相关概念视频
RNA Splicing
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
Leaky Scanning
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R stands for...
Oligosaccharide Assembly
Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
Proteoglycans
Glycans, a class of complex heterogeneous molecules, can be covalently attached to proteins to form glycosylated proteins that regulate various physiological and pathological processes. Glycosylated proteins or glycoproteins comprise N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides. O-glycosylation is the most common type of protein glycosylation. Here, glycans attach to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl groups of Serine or Threonine residues. O-linked glycosylation occurs later in protein processing,...


