格式熟悉度和单词频率在阅读中文中的作用
1Shanghai Normal University, Faculty of Psychology, China.
Journal of eye movement research
|April 11, 2024
概括
中国读者在基于对文本方向的熟悉程度的阅读效率上表现出差异. 熟悉的左向右阅读会导致更好的词汇识别,但右向左训练可以提高不熟悉的阅读表现.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 人与计算机的交互
背景情况:
- 阅读指导是识字的一个基本方面,通常是在生命早期学到的.
- 标准的中文阅读格式是左向右,使得右向左对本地读者来说不熟悉.
- 了解阅读格式如何影响诸如词汇识别等认知过程至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查阅读格式熟悉度 (左向右与右向左) 对中国读者的词汇识别的影响.
- 检查单词频率在不同格式的中文阅读中的作用.
- 确定有针对性的培训是否可以提高不熟悉的右向左格式的阅读表现.
主要方法:
- 实验1:四十名学生以左向右和右向左两种格式阅读中文句子,目标词按频率分类.
- 实验2:参与者接受了为期10天的从右到左阅读训练,以评估绩效的提高.
- 分析了眼睛跟踪指标 (固定时间,跳过率,观看位置).
主要成果:
- 熟悉的左向右阅读导致更短的固定时间,更高的跳过率和更接近单词中心的观看位置.
- 单词频率在熟悉的左向右格式中显著影响了词汇识别,但在不熟悉的右向左格式中却没有.
- 右向左阅读训练显示了阅读表现的改善.
结论:
- 熟悉阅读格式显著影响了汉语的词汇识别和阅读效率.
- 单词频率在中文阅读中起着重要作用,其影响由阅读方向调节.
- 训练可以减轻与陌生的方向阅读相关的挑战,这表明阅读过程中的可塑性.
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