通过机器学习和生理信号集成,提高高速列车的热舒适度预测
Wenjun Zhou1, Mingzhi Yang1, Xiaoyan Yu2
1Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track (Central South University), Ministry of Education, School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410075, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China.
Journal of thermal biology
|April 11, 2024
概括
研究人员开发了一种新模型,使用可穿戴传感器和机器学习来预测高速列车 (HST) 中乘客的热舒适度. 这提高了HVAC效率和乘客满意度.
科学领域:
- 工程 工程师 工程师 工程师
- 人与计算机的交互
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 高速列车 (HST) 的供暖,通风和空调 (HVAC) 系统消耗大量能源,但往往无法为乘客提供足够的热舒适.
- 便携式可穿戴传感器为实时监测乘客的热舒适度和对HVAC系统的反提供了一种新的方法.
- 乘客的热舒适性是主观的,通常从环境参数或生理信号中推断出来.
研究的目的:
- 建议使用生理信号为HST客乘客提供预测热舒适度 (PTC) 模型.
- 建立基于预测的热舒适度的HVAC系统的智能调节模型.
- 评估不同机器学习 (ML) 模型对PTC预测的准确性.
主要方法:
- 在HST隔间进行了实地测试,收集生理信号 (皮肤温度,电磁皮肤反应,心率) 和环境温度.
- 开发了一个PTC模型,包含九个输入因素:生理信号,个体特征,座位和环境温度.
- 使用特征子集和超参数优化,比较了ML模型 (随机森林,决策树,矢量机,K社区).
主要成果:
- 随机森林模型实现了90.4%的准确性 (F1宏 = 0.889) 预测HST乘客的热舒适度.
- 使用夏普利添加剂解释 (SHAP) 和基于数据的灵敏度分析 (DSA) 的灵敏度分析在最佳预测模型上进行.
- 开发的模型允许精确的反到HVAC系统,以优化空气供应调整.
结论:
- 开发了一个准确和高效的PTC预测模型,利用生理数据和ML.
- 该模型促进了智能HVAC调节,提高了乘客的热舒适度,减少了能源浪费.
- 这项研究有助于提高乘客体验和高速列车的运营效率.
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