在自闭症谱系障碍中执行功能的神经反训练:对大脑活动水平和补偿性连接性变化的明显影响
Daniela Jardim Pereira1,2,3, Sofia Morais3,4,5, Alexandre Sayal2,4,6
1Neurorradiology Functional Area, Imaging Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Center, Coimbra, Portugal.
Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
|April 11, 2024
概括
实时fMRI神经反针对左背侧前额叶皮质,改善了自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 患者的大脑活动. 这种干预可以增强ASD的执行功能和日常功能.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 经常与执行功能 (EF) 缺陷有关.
- 认知训练,特别是神经反,对改善自闭症患者的EF和日常生活功能充满希望.
- 这项研究是第一个调查实时fMRI神经反 (rt-fMRI NF) 的研究,该研究针对ASD的左背侧前额皮质 (DLPFC).
研究的目的:
- 研究rt-fMRINF在调节ASD患者DLPFC活动中的有效性.
- 为了比较ASD个体与神经类型控制者之间的大脑活动和功能连接,在工作记忆任务中与神经反进行和不进行神经反.
- 探索神经反对ASD执行功能相关大脑网络的影响.
主要方法:
- 13名自闭症患者和17名神经类型对照参与了rt-fMRI工作记忆神经反范式.
- 这种模式涉及自我生成的数值序列的低音反向朗诵.
- 进行了DLPFC的兴趣区域分析,全脑比较和基于DLPFC的功能连接.
主要成果:
- 无论是ASD还是对照组都成功调节了DLPFC活动 (分别为84%和98%的运行).
- 患有自闭症的个体表现出持续较低的DLPFC活性,特别是在没有神经反的情况下.
- 在转移运行期间,ASD组显示出变化的前运动/运动活动,并增加了DLPFC与运动皮质,多需求网络 (MDN) 和视觉皮质的连接.
结论:
- rt-fMRI NF似乎在ASD和对照组之间使全脑活动水平正常化.
- 神经反可以通过改变DLPFC与各种大脑区域 (包括运动,视觉和MDN区域) 之间的连接来增强ASD中的执行功能.
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