基于学校的慢性疾病干预措施的成本效益:系统性审查
George Lin1, Kalin Werner2, Ada Alqunaiebet3
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E
|April 11, 2024
概括
学校针对慢性疾病的干预措施往往具有成本效益,特别是那些促进疫苗接种,体育活动和补充剂的干预措施. 一些肥胖和心理健康干预措施的成本效益较低.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 慢性疾病 (非传染性疾病,NCD) 是由多种因素影响的长期疾病,导致死亡,残疾和高医疗费用.
- 学校环境为经济有效的公共卫生干预提供了一个可行的平台.
- 目前关于学校非传染性疾病干预措施的成本效益的证据有限.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查针对学校环境中的慢性疾病的干预措施的成本效益.
- 确定哪些类型的学校干预措施是NCD预防和管理最具成本效益的.
主要方法:
- 在四个主要数据库 (PubMed/Medline,Cochrane,Embase,Web of Science) 进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 包括以英语,西班牙语或法语出版的研究,评估学校的慢性疾病干预措施,并进行完整的成本效益分析.
- 最初的搜索产生了1029篇文章,最终分析包括了33项研究.
主要成果:
- 根据质量调整的寿命年 (QALYs) 和根据残疾调整的寿命年 (DALYs) 是常见的有效性指标.
- 超重和肥胖是最常见的目标健康状况.
- 大多数以学校为基础的干预措施 (81%) 被发现是具有成本效益的.
结论:
- 针对疫苗接种,体育活动和补充剂的学校干预措施得到证据支持,这些干预措施对非传染性疾病具有成本效益.
- 一些基于课堂的心理健康认知行为疗法和一些多元组件肥胖干预措施并不总是具有成本效益.
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