相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 28, 2025

00:07
A Method to Study de novo Formation of Chromatin Domains
Published on: August 23, 2019
5.4K
核化和扩散在每个细胞周期中都维持着多元组域
Giovana M B Veronezi1, Srinivas Ramachandran2
1Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Cell reports
|April 12, 2024
概括
多组组域通过复制维护基因抑制记忆. 新的研究揭示了Polycomb抑制复合体2 (PRC2) 针对复制后的核化部位,确保表观遗传记忆传递给子细胞.
科学领域:
- 表观遗传学和基因调控
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 聚合物通路基因抑制对于甲状动物的发育至关重要.
- 由H3K27me3标记的多组域需要通过细胞分裂进行维护,以保存表观遗传记忆.
- 在复制后维护H3K27me3的机制在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 为了阐明特定于位点的H3K27me3是如何在整个细胞周期中维持的.
- 确定负责H3K27me3域建立和维护的核化地点.
- 了解Polycomb抑制复合体2 (PRC2) 在H3K27me3复制后恢复中的作用.
主要方法:
- 开发CUT&Flow (目标下的合裂纹和流动细胞计的标记) 来绘制H3K27me3动态图.
- 在小鼠胚胎干细胞中识别Polycomb域内的核化部位.
- 使用PRC2亚单元特异性抑制剂来评估PRC2在H3K27me3维持中的作用.
主要成果:
- 对Polycomb域的复制后恢复通过核化和从特定地点传播而发生.
- 这些核化场所被用于 de novo 域的形成和维护.
- PRC2的目标是独立于先前存在的H3K27me3.3的复制后核化场所.
结论:
- H3K27me3域的维护依赖于核和传播机制.
- 对于复制后的H3K27me3沉积,PRC2在准核化部位方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 在H3K27me3沉积和核细胞周转之间保持平衡,控制细胞分裂期间的表观遗传记忆.
相关概念视频
Polytene Chromosomes
10.0K
Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also...
10.0K
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications
8.3K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
Writers
The writer...
8.3K
Maintenance of the ES Cell State
2.2K
The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
2.2K
Negative Regulator Molecules
35.4K
Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
35.4K
Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation
4.5K
Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...
4.5K
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures
6.2K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
6.2K

