网络对不同认知训练对患有轻度认知障碍的患者认知功能的影响进行元分析
Ji-Wei Chen1, Wen-Qian Du1, Kun Zhu1
1School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Journal of psychiatric research
|April 12, 2024
概括
认知训练显著改善了轻度认知障碍的老年人的认知功能. 神经心理学培训成为最有效的干预措施,特别是在记忆和执行功能方面.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 影响着老年人口的很大一部分.
- 患有MCI的认知能力下降会影响日常功能,增加痴呆症的风险.
- 改善MCI认知功能的有效干预措施对于维持生活质量至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估不同认知训练干预措施对MCI中年和老年人认知功能的有效性.
- 使用元分析技术,比较各种认知训练类型的有效性.
- 确定最佳的认知训练策略,以改善这一群体的认知功能.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (Web of Science,PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library) 进行了对随机对照试验的系统搜索,截至2023年10月30日.
- 使用Stata 17.0软件进行了传统和网络元分析,以综合来自50项纳入研究的发现.
- 研究包括四种类型的认知训练:虚拟现实,神经心理学,认知策略和认知行为疗法.
主要成果:
- 这四种认知训练类型都在MCI患者的认知功能上显著改善.
- 神经心理培训 (SMD=0.44) 和虚拟现实培训 (SMD=0.53) 显示了最强的整体效应.
- 神经心理训练在改善工作记忆,全球认知功能,记忆和认知灵活性方面表现出色,而虚拟现实训练在处理速度,语言能力,执行功能,空间能力和注意力方面表现出色.
结论:
- 认知训练是一种可行的策略,可以提高MCI中年和老年人的认知功能.
- 神经心理培训被认为是最有效的干预措施,特别是当实施超过8周时.
- 认知训练的选择可能取决于针对改进的特定认知领域.
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