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大量和单个山羊奶中的总细菌数和体细胞数:两个纵向观察研究

Y de Geus¹, P Scherpenisse¹, L A M Smit¹

¹Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Journal of dairy science

|April 12, 2024

概括

羊奶中的总细菌计数 (TBC) 和体细胞计数 (SCC) 在开玩笑之前是最高的,并在出生后显著下降. 这些牛奶质量参数与免疫或代谢标记无关,这表明荷尔蒙的影响. 管理哺乳期末的牛奶是减少散装牛奶数量的关键.

科学领域:

乳制品科学乳制品科学
动物健康动物健康
微生物学微生物学

背景情况:

总细菌计数 (TBC) 和体细胞计数 (SCC) 是山羊奶质量的关键指标.
增加的TBC可能会导致荷兰乳制品山羊养殖者价格处罚,特别是在玩笑期间.
了解在分娩期间影响TBC和SCC的因素对于保持牛奶质量至关重要.

研究的目的:

分析22年来荷兰散装牛奶中TBC和SCC的变化和峰值,重点关注玩笑时期.
通过检查与系统性响应标记的关联,调查个体山羊奶中TBC和SCC升高的原因.
为管理牛奶质量和减少散装牛奶TBC和SCC提供见解.

主要方法:

对22年荷兰大批量牛奶人口普查数据的分析,用于TBC和SCC趋势.
每周监测 individual山羊奶中的TBC和SCC (1,886个来自141只山羊的样本),从前3周到后5周.
测量系统标记物 (IFN-γ,calprotectin,BHB),身体状况得分 (BCS) 和围绕分娩的山羊便的一致性.

主要成果:

在玩笑周围的TBC和SCC之间观察到强烈的正相关性 (斯皮尔曼的rho=0.87).
平均TBC和SCC在投标前显著高 (TBC:5.67 log10 cfu/mL,SCC:6.70 log10细胞/mL) 与投标后5周相比 (TBC:4.20 log10 cfu/mL,SCC:5.92 log10细胞/mL).
农场和哺乳期是TBC和SCC的重要因素,但没有与这些牛奶质量参数相关的系统标志物.

结论:

乳母山羊的TBC和SCC在哺乳期晚期达到峰值,分娩后降低,可能是由于SCC的稀释效应而不是TBC.
选择的系统反应标记与牛奶中的细菌或体细胞分泌没有相关性.
激素或其他系统性过程,而不是免疫或代谢状态,可能是导致TBC在分娩前增加和分娩后减少的原因.
在晚期哺乳期保留高细菌和细胞计数的山羊的牛奶是建议减少散装牛奶TBC和SCC的.

关键词:

大量牛奶牛奶大批量乳制品山羊乳制品山羊是什么意思身体细胞数量体细胞数量总的细菌数量总的细菌数量

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