新型食品,旧问题:元编码揭示了欧盟市场上通过电子商务销售的基于昆虫的产品的错误标签
Alice Giusti1, Gabriele Spatola1, Simone Mancini1
1Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
|April 12, 2024
概括
一项研究发现,欧盟在线销售的33.3%的基于昆虫的食品 (IBP) 标签错误. 这凸显了物种真实性的问题,以及这些新食品中未申报的昆虫害虫的存在.
科学领域:
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 监管事务 监管事务
背景情况:
- 作为食物的昆虫在欧盟被规范为新食品.
- 基于昆虫的加工产品 (IBP) 越来越多地在网上销售.
- 由于IBP的商业形式和分销道,错误标签的可能性是一个重大问题.
研究的目的:
- 调查欧盟电子商务平台上可用的基于昆虫的加工产品中错误标签的发生和程度.
- 用分子方法验证选择IBP的物种组成.
- 评估metabarcoding对加工食品中的昆虫物种识别的有效性.
主要方法:
- 从9个欧盟电子商务平台收集了46个已处理的IBP.
- 采用metabarcoding针对16S rRNA基因的200bp区域进行物种认证.
- 使用DADA2 R包进行序列处理和BLAST分析,与GenBank进行分类学分配.
- 嵌入程序空白和积极控制,建立数据过的门.
主要成果:
- 在分析的IBP中检测到33.3%的高错误标签率.
- 在不同的电子商务平台和昆虫物种中观察到错误标签率的显著变化,经常涉及A. domesticus.
- 发现使用未经授权的物种 (例如,Gryllus locorojo) 和用低价值物种取代高价值物种.
- 在一些产品中检测到昆虫害虫的存在.
结论:
- 甲基编码是一种非常有效的工具,用于在加工的昆虫食品中验证昆虫物种的真实性.
- 该研究揭示了IBP在欧盟市场的产品真实性和标签方面的重大问题.
- 调查结果强调需要加强监管监督和行业自我监测,以确保消费者安全和产品完整性.
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