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多样化和丰富的菌体利用结合性质粒
Natalia Quinones-Olvera1,2,3, Siân V Owen4,5,6, Lucy M McCully1,2,3
1Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Nature communications
|April 12, 2024
概括
针对IncP和IncF等离子体的新型等离子体依赖性菌体在废水中很常见. 这些菌体,大多是非正规类型的菌体,如tectiviruses,对于理解细菌进化和水平基因转移至关重要.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 菌体 (菌体) 是感染细菌的病毒,通过细胞表面相互作用影响细菌进化.
- 大多数菌体使用细菌染色体结构作为受体,但等离子体依赖的菌体利用等离子体编码的蛋白质,将其宿主范围与等离子体的移动性联系起来.
- 塑依赖性菌体的表征是有限的,尽管他们的生物技术潜力和独特的生物学.
研究的目的:
- 系统地发现和描述针对IncP和IncF等离子体的新型等离子体依赖菌体.
- 在环境样本中调查这些菌体的遗传多样性和丰富性.
- 了解等离子体依赖的菌体在限制水平基因转移中的进化作用.
主要方法:
- 利用一个有针对性的发现平台,从废水样本中分离菌体.
- 采用基因组和遗传学分析来表征分离的菌体.
- 研究了菌体与宿主相互作用和受体使用,包括菌体荷林蛋白的作用.
主要成果:
- 确定了针对IncP和IncF等离子体的等离子体依赖性菌体,这些等离子体在废水中很常见和丰富.
- 发现大多数孤立的菌体 (65/66) 是非正规类型,包括tectiviruses,ssDNA丝状菌体和ssRNA菌体.
- 在与荷林蛋白差异相关的等离子体依赖性构造病毒中显示出显著的宿主范围变化,并发现这些菌体在元病毒学分析中经常被遗漏.
结论:
- 等离子体依赖的菌体是一个基本上尚未探索和遗传多样化的群体,在废水环境中普遍存在.
- 基于培养的菌体发现仍然是必不可少的,因为许多依赖等离子体的菌体,特别是毒虫病毒,无法通过当前的metaviromic方法检测到.
- 这些菌体在调节由结合性等离子体介导的水平基因转移方面发挥着重要的,但被低估的作用.
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