脑患者与典型发育人群之间的执行功能技能比较:系统性审查和元分析
Nóra Zimonyi1,2,3, Tamás Kói1,4, Viktor Dombrádi5
1Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary.
Journal of clinical medicine
|April 13, 2024
概括
患有脑 (CP) 的儿童具有显著的执行功能缺陷,特别是在工作记忆和抑制控制方面. 这些障碍是严重的,并不会随着年龄的增长而改善,这突显了针对性干预的必要性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 康复医学 康复医学 康复医学
背景情况:
- 与典型发育的儿童相比,患有脑 (CP) 的儿童表现出执行功能缺陷.
- 这些赤字的规模和具体组成部分仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 进行第一个元分析,量化CP儿童与典型发育的同龄人之间执行功能 (工作记忆,抑制控制,认知灵活性) 的差异.
- 为了确定执行功能组件最需要干预的儿童CP.
主要方法:
- 在四个数据库中进行系统的文献搜索,截至2023年8月31日.
- 总体执行职能及其组件的标准化平均差异 (Hedges' g) 的计算元分析.
- 主持人分析,包括参与者的方法匹配.
主要成果:
- 患有CP的儿童有很大的整体执行功能缺陷 (g+ = -0.82).
- 在工作记忆 (g+ = -0.92) 和抑制控制 (g+ = -0.82) 中显著的大缺陷.
- 在认知灵活性中观察到中等程度的缺陷 (g+ = -0.57).
结论:
- 与典型发育的同龄人相比,患有CP的儿童经历了严重的,普遍的执行功能障碍.
- 这些缺陷存在于所有评估的执行职能组件中,并且不会随着时间的推移而减少.
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