慢性病中的纤维化:病理生理学和治疗目标
Allison B Reiss1, Berlin Jacob1, Aarij Zubair1
1Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA.
Journal of clinical medicine
|April 13, 2024
概括
慢性病 (CKD) 涉及功能障碍,炎症和纤维化. 研究探索新的诊断和抗纤维菌疗法,以TGF-β信号为目标,以预防功能衰竭.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學.
- 病理学 病理学 病理学
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
背景情况:
- 慢性病 (CKD) 是一种进展性疾病,其特征是功能下降,管道损伤,氧化应激和炎症.
- 它对全球健康构成重大负担,在早期往往无症状,但可能导致功能衰竭.
- 纤维化是由失调的信号通路驱动的,是CKD进展的关键因素.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前对CKD病原学的理解,重点关注纤维化.
- 讨论CKD的诊断和治疗策略的进展.
- 突出针对转化生长因子-β (TGF-β) 信号和抗纤维菌机制的新兴治疗方法.
主要方法:
- 关于CKD病理生理学,诊断和治疗的文献综述.
- 分析TGF-β在纤维化中的作用.
- 评估当前和正在研究的治疗方法,包括抗纤维素剂,siRNA和干细胞疗法.
主要成果:
- 转化生长因子-β (TGF) -β被确定为管状上皮细胞转化为介质细胞的中心调解者,导致不可逆转的损伤.
- 像扩散权重磁共振成像和剪切波弹性学超声波等不那么侵入性的成像技术显示出纤维化阶段的前景.
- 目前的治疗方法 (例如,氨酸- ангиотензин阻断剂,SGLT2抑制剂) 旨在减缓进展,而新型抗纤维素药物和TGF-β向疗法正在研究中.
结论:
- 慢性瘤的进展涉及复杂的纤维化过程,TGF-β信号发挥着关键作用.
- 先进的成像和新型抗纤维菌疗法为改善CKD管理提供了潜力.
- 针对性治疗的持续研究对于预防末期病,透析和移植至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:10Nephrons
2.4K
The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma...
2.4K
01:24Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction
87
The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
87
01:20Renal Corpuscle
2.0K
The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous...
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous...
2.0K
01:17Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment
91
Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
91
01:27Dialysis
307
Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
307
01:09Introduction to Fibroblasts
3.1K
Rudolph Virchow discovered spindle-shaped cells called fibroblasts in 1858. Inactive fibroblasts, called fibrocytes, become activated by various stimuli, such as growth factors and inflammatory cytokines. Activated fibroblasts play a crucial role in wound healing, inflammation, formation of new blood vessels, and cancer progression. Uncontrolled activation of fibroblasts results in fibrosis, the excess deposition of fibrous tissue, which can lead to scarring and affect normal organs. This...
3.1K