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Updated: Jun 11, 2026

The Use of Reverse Phase Protein Arrays RPPA to Explore Protein Expression Variation within Individual Renal Cell Cancers
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The Use of Reverse Phase Protein Arrays RPPA to Explore Protein Expression Variation within Individual Renal Cell Cancers

Published on: January 22, 2013

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在细胞癌-A病例系列和概念验证研究中,PD-L1作为尿液生物标志物

Philipp Reimold1, Georgi Tosev1, Adam Kaczorowski2

  • 1Department of Urology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 13, 2024
PubMed
概括

尿中PD-L1水平在细胞癌 (RCC) 患者中升高,与治疗反应相关. 这项研究表明,尿中PD-L1可能成为用于RCC检测和监测的新型液体生物标志物.

关键词:
在PD-L1中.在 RCC RCC 里面,你会发现.生物标志物生物标志物免疫疗法 免疫疗法尿液 尿液 尿液

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Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration01:28

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area. This equation is...