在集体概念中交叉的以男性为中心和以白人为中心的偏见
April H Bailey1, Adina Williams2, Aashna Poddar3
1University of New Hampshire, Durham, USA.
Personality & social psychology bulletin
|April 13, 2024
概括
这项研究发现,语言经常将"人"与男性和"女人"与女性联系在一起,揭示了性别偏见. 这种偏见不成比例地影响西班牙裔和白人女性,影响社会公平.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 自然语言处理自然语言处理.
- 社会语言学 社会语言学
背景情况:
- 像"人"",女人"和"男人"这样的基本概念应该在性别和种族之间公平.
- 然而,这些概念可能隐含地有利于某些人口群体.
- 安卓中心主义理论表明,社会语言和概念化中存在着以男性为中心的偏见.
研究的目的:
- 调查"人"",女人"和"男人"概念中的语言偏见.
- 测试假设"人"更多与男性相关,而"女人"更多与女性相关 (即女性更具性别).
- 检查这些偏见在不同种族和种族群体之间如何变化.
主要方法:
- 使用自然语言处理 (NLP) 工具,特别是词嵌入.
- 分析了一个大规模的语言数据集 (Common Crawl),代表数百万个人的语言输出.
- 核心概念与人口识别符之间的量化关联.
主要成果:
- 证实了一个重要的语言偏见,即"人"与"男人"比"女人"更相关 (人=男人).
- 发现"女人"与女性的关联比"男人"与男性的关联更大,这表明女性被认为更具性别 (性别=女性).
- 观察到,与亚洲人相比,这些偏见在西班牙裔和白人女性和男性中更为明显,并且还揭示了普遍偏见,有利于跨概念的白人个人.
结论:
- 西方社会语言表现出一种偏见,优先考虑男性和白人作为默认的"人".
- 女人经常被'别'为'有性别的人',突出了性别概念化.
- 这些语言偏见对政策和决策产生重大影响,可能会影响公平.
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