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Updated: Jun 28, 2025

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对智利人口的阴部非米特征使用的性别估计方法的验证和重新校准
Natalia Rojas González1, Zuzana Obertová2, Daniel Franklin2
1Centre for Forensic Anthropology, School of Social Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling HWY, Crawley, WA, Australia. natalia.rojasgonzalez@research.uwa.edu.au.
International journal of legal medicine
|April 13, 2024
概括
法医人类学家使用智利骨遗骸验证了性别估计方法. 新的特定人口方程提高了识别侵犯人权行为的受害者的准确性.
科学领域:
- 法医人类学 法医人类学
- 生物考古学的生物考古学
- 人权调查 人权调查
背景情况:
- 智利法医人类学面临的挑战是由于骨形态的特定种群变异.
- 现有的性别估计方法对智利人口缺乏验证,这影响了1973-1990年军事政变受害者身份识别的准确性.
研究的目的:
- 在智利骨样本中验证已建立的性别估计方法.
- 开发新的,特定于人口的法医人类学方程,用于智利的性别估计.
主要方法:
- 来自圣地亚哥亚细骨科收藏的265个骨的分析.
- 菲尼斯的应用 (1969) 和Klales等人. (2012) 视觉评估和评分盆腔特征的方法.
- 为性别估计制定单变量和多变量预测模型.
主要成果:
- 菲尼西 (1969) 实现了96.98%的准确性,性别偏差为7.68%;Klales等人. (2012) 获得了87.17%的准确率,性别偏差为-15.39%.
- 腹腔弧模型显示96.6%的准确性,性别偏差为5.2%.
- 使用所有特征的综合模型达到97.0%的准确率,性别偏差为7.7%.
结论:
- 现有的方法在智利样本中表现出不可接受的性别偏见,需要特定于人口的标准.
- 开发的形态镜标准和预测模型为智利个人提供了改进的,法律上可接受的性别估计.
- 这项研究支持了智利侵犯人权的受害者法医鉴定工作.
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