积极选择是SARS-CoV-2进化中ORF8重复淘汰的基础
Cassia Wagner1,2, Kathryn E Kistler3,4, Garrett A Perchetti5
1Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. cassiasw@uw.edu.
Nature communications
|April 13, 2024
概括
在导致COVID-19的病毒SARS-CoV-2中,ORF8蛋白质的丢失,由于正选择而变得很常见. 这种病毒进化与疾病严重程度的降低有关.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 自出现以来经历了显著的演变.
- ORF8蛋白是一种辅助蛋白,已知在SARS-CoV-2变种中迅速演变并经常被删除.
研究的目的:
- 研究导致SARS-CoV-2中ORF8蛋白质丧失的进化压力.
- 了解ORF8淘汰对病毒健康和临床严重性的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析区域 (华盛顿州) 和全球SARS-CoV-2病原体测序数据.
- 遗传学分析以确定ORF8基因丢失和选择的模式.
- 突变率 (无意义与同义词) 和类生长率的比较.
主要成果:
- 在整个SARS-CoV-2进化过程中观察到ORF8淘汰事件,不仅限于特定的高适应性病毒脊柱.
- ORF8的切断发生的频率更高,并且持续时间比任何其他基因更长.
- 导致ORF8丧失的无意义突变显示出积极选择的证据,与更快的类生长率相关.
- 失去ORF8与COVID-19的临床严重程度降低有关.
结论:
- 阳性选择有利于SARS-CoV-2中ORF8蛋白质的丧失.
- ORF8淘汰会促进病毒的演变,并可能减少疾病的严重程度.
- 了解ORF8的作用,可以了解SARS-CoV-2进化的不同临床影响.
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