深度学习对回声心电图的评估,以确定隐藏的心房动
Neal Yuan1, Nathan R Stein2, Grant Duffy2
1School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Division of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. Neal.Yuan@ucsf.edu.
NPJ digital medicine
|April 13, 2024
概括
深度学习模型可以使用跨胸腔心声图 (TTEs) 识别心房动 (AF). 这种人工智能方法有助于检测隐藏的AF,并可能通过早期治疗改善患者的结果.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 心房动 (AF) 往往是无症状的,导致诊断和治疗延迟.
- 胸外心声图 (TTEs) 提供了结构性心脏信息,可以帮助识别隐藏的AF.
- 深度学习 (DL) 提供了一种新的方法来分析复杂的医学成像数据以检测疾病.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一种两阶段的深度学习算法,用于使用TTEs检测活性和隐性心房动.
- 评估DL模型在识别AF和预测有鼻节律的患者中 ParoxysmalAF的性能.
- 为了比较DL模型与传统临床风险因素和TTE测量的疗效.
主要方法:
- 一个基于视频的卷积神经网络模型在111,319个TTE视频上受过训练.
- 该模型被设计成两个阶段: (1) 区分AF与鼻节律, (2) 预测之前的AF在鼻节律TTEs.
- 在持有和外部队列中,使用曲线下的面积 (AUC) 和精度回忆曲线下的面积 (AUPRC) 评估了模型性能.
主要成果:
- 该DL模型准确地区分了AF与鼻节律TTEs (AUC0.96).
- 该模型预测了节节律TTEs中的并发性空心肌梗塞,AUC为0.74,超过了临床风险因素和TTE测量.
- 在不同患者的人口统计和风险概况中,表现是一致的,用ECG组合模型显示了更好的歧视.
结论:
- 对TTE的深度学习分析可以有效地预测活性或隐性心房的存在.
- 这种人工智能驱动的方法对机会性AF查具有前途,可能使得早期诊断和治疗成为可能.
- 基于TTE的DL模型为心血管风险评估和AF管理提供了宝贵的工具.
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