围产期暴露于多双 (PCB) 和儿童神经发育:对结果和方法方法的全面系统审查
Arin A Balalian1, Jeanette A Stingone2, Linda G Kahn3
1Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Question Driven Design and Analysis Group (QD-DAG), New York, NY, USA.
Environmental research
|April 14, 2024
概括
产前暴露于多二 (PCB) 与儿童中期的认知和注意力问题有关. 很少有证据将PCB与运动发育或儿童早期的ADHD/ASD风险联系在一起.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发育儿科 发育儿科
背景情况:
- 聚二 (PCB) 和它们的化代谢物 (OH-PCB) 是持久的环境污染物,对公共卫生存在持续关注.
- 产前暴露于PCB的研究是为了研究其与儿童神经发育的各种结果的关联,包括认知,运动技能,行为以及ADHD和ASD的风险.
- 了解这些关联对于公共卫生政策和风险评估至关重要,特别是考虑到过去的PCB使用情况.
研究的目的:
- 对调查产前PCB和OH-PCB暴露与儿童神经发育之间的联系的研究进行系统审查.
- 评估对认知,运动和行为发展的影响,包括注意力,ADHD和ASD.
- 评估包含的研究的方法质量和异质性.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Embase,PsycINFO和Web of Science数据库进行系统搜索,截至2023年8月23日.
- 包括同行评审的英语研究,测量围产样本中的PCB/OH-PCB,并评估儿童神经发育结果,直到18岁.
- 使用国家心脏,肺和血液研究所的工具进行质量评估.
主要成果:
- 包括87项研究,揭示了与围产期PCB暴露相关的中儿童期不良认知发展和注意力问题的证据.
- 在围产期PCB暴露与儿童早期运动发育或ADHD/ASD风险之间没有或很少存在关联.
- 性别特定的关联表明男孩的认知和注意力较差;一些研究表明OH-PCB与神经发育之间存在联系.
结论:
- 在研究方法,暴露评估和结果分析方面存在显著的异质性.
- 在中儿童时期观察到不良的认知和注意力影响,而运动发育和ADHD/ASD风险几乎没有关联.
- 未来的研究应侧重于性别特异性影响,较低的暴露水平,OH-PCB,共同污染物和混合物相互作用.
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