从实验室到教室:在自然环境中改善儿童的前性记忆
Milvia Cottini1, Paola Palladino2, Demis Basso1
1Free University of Bolzano-Bozen, Bressanone-Brixen, Italy.
The British journal of educational psychology
|April 14, 2024
概括
预测表现最能改善儿童的现实生活前性记忆 (PM),这是对未来意图的记忆. 这项研究在课堂环境中测试了记忆策略,发现预测比想象任务更有效. 父母报告也与儿童的PM相关.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 实验室研究表明,儿童的前性记忆 (PM) 通过情节性未来思维 (EFT) 或绩效预测得到改善.
- 结合EFT和预测策略,在受控环境中进一步增强了PM.
- 这些记忆编码策略在现实场景中的有效性仍未得到研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估EFT,绩效预测及其对儿童PM的组合在自然课堂环境中的影响.
- 为了确定在实验室中有效的内存编码策略是否转化为现实生活中的PM任务.
- 探索家长报告的记忆失败与儿童在课堂上的PM表现之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 共有121名儿童 (年龄为7-9岁) 在12个班级中参加.
- 儿童被分为四组:对照组,预测组,EFT组或EFT+预测组.
- 一个现实生活中的PM任务涉及将一封信送到家中并第二天返回;父母对记忆的报告也被收集.
主要成果:
- 所有经过测试的编码策略都有效地提高了儿童在课堂上的PM表现.
- 性能预测成为增强现实PM的最有效策略,与实验室发现不同.
- 父母报告的记忆失败与儿童的PM表现有显著的关联.
结论:
- 记忆编码策略,特别是性能预测,可以增强儿童的现实世界前性记忆.
- 在自然环境中研究记忆干预对于生态有效性和教育中的实际应用至关重要.
- 研究结果表明,将记忆支持策略与现实生活环境相适应,可以改善教育成果.
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