肺结核胸部X射线图像检索系统使用基于深度学习的生物标志物预测
Bradley C Lowekamp1, Andrei Gabrielian1, Darrell E Hurt1
1Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
结核病 (TB) 是导致死亡的主要原因,抗药性病例不断增加. 一个新的胸部X射线检索系统通过发现类似的病例和对抗药性结核病的治疗来帮助精准医学.
科学领域:
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 仍然是一个重大的全球健康威胁,抗药性菌株的增加使治疗复杂化.
- 世界卫生组织报告说,结核病是导致死亡的主要原因,2021年有45万个新的耐药病例.
- 对耐药结核病的有效治疗具有挑战性,需要创新的患者护理方法.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估基于胸部X射线 (CXR) 的图像检索系统,用于用于耐药结核病的精准医学.
- 以使用CXR图像来获取类似患者病例及其治疗方案.
- 通过促进对可比患者的结果的检查来支持临床决策.
主要方法:
- 使用NIAID结核病门户数据集开发了一个胸部X射线图像检索系统.
- 使用临床相关的生物标志物确定图像相似性:性别,年龄,BMI和肺部六分仪参与度.
- 生物标志物预测使用了DenseNet169卷积神经网络与来自NIH临床中心CXR数据集的转移学习.
主要成果:
- 该系统在预测生物标志物方面取得了很高的准确性:性别AUC 0.9854,年龄MAE 4.03岁,BMI MAE 1.67 kg/m2.
- 预测六分仪参与的平均绝对误差在7%至12%之间,在上肺部区域的变化更高.
- 开发的检索系统在线可用于临床使用.
结论:
- 结核病门户网站的CXR检索系统有效地实现了针对耐药结核病的精准医学.
- 该系统有助于识别类似患者病例,有助于选择适当的治疗策略.
- 这种人工智能驱动的方法为管理复杂的耐药结核病病例提供了有价值的工具.
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