灵活的食行为增加了捕食者对气候变化的脆弱性
Benoit Gauzens1,2, Benjamin Rosenbaum1,2, Gregor Kalinkat3
1EcoNetLab, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Nature climate change
|April 15, 2024
概括
温暖的水域降低了鱼类的消费效率,因为灵活的食导致它们选择营养较低的猎物,减少了海洋生态系统中的物种共存和生物多样性.
科学领域:
- 海洋生态海洋生态学
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 气候变化影响气候变化的影响.
背景情况:
- 全球气温上升增加了对物种的能量需求,可能减少了共存.
- 最佳食理论表明,捕食者可以通过准特定的猎物来适应,以最大限度地增加能量摄入.
- 鱼类灵活的食行为可能会减轻气候变暖对生物多样性的负面影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究鱼类的食行为如何随着温度和猎物的可用性而变化.
- 评估灵活食对消费效率和物种共存的影响.
- 将行为反应纳入食物网络模型,以预测气候变化下的生物多样性.
主要方法:
- 在基尔湾12年间对6种鱼类的2,487个胃部内容进行了分析.
- 在不同的环境中,与不同的猎物可用性和温度进行食策略的比较.
- 将经验数据集成到动态食物网模型中.
主要成果:
- 鱼类的食从特征转变为依赖密度的猎物选择,在更温暖,更富有生产力的环境中.
- 在更高的温度下,消费效率下降,这是由于对能量较低的猎物进行了选择.
- 灵活的食行为,当被整合到模型中时,减少了预测的物种共存和生物多样性.
结论:
- 鱼类的灵活食不能完全弥补在变暖条件下增加的能量需求.
- 行为可塑性可以悖论地破坏变暖生态系统中的物种持久性和生物多样性.
- 包含行为变化的动态食物网模型对于了解气候变化对生物多样性的影响至关重要.
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