模拟和优化Jatropha油转化为脂肪酸甲基的转化:应用响应表面方法 (CCD) 和Taguchi直角方法
Cyrus Aseibichin1, Wisdom Chukwuemeke Ulakpa2, Ikoko Omenogor3
1Department of Chemical/Petrochemical Engineering, Rivers State University Nkpolu-Oroworukwo Port Harcourt 500101 Nigeria.
RSC advances
|April 15, 2024
概括
这项研究利用响应表面方法 (RSM) 和Taguchi方法优化了用于生物柴油生产的Jatropha油转化. RSM获得了94.10%的更高脂肪酸甲基 (FAME) 产量,而Taguchi提供了更高的成本效益.
科学领域:
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
- 可再生能源可再生能源来源
- 过程优化 过程优化
背景情况:
- 来自Jatropha油的生物柴油生产对于可持续能源至关重要.
- 优化转化过程是提高生物柴油产量和质量的关键.
- 开发具有成本效益和有效的生物柴油合成方法是一个持续的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 用响应表面方法 (RSM) 和Taguchi直角方法优化Jatropha油转化为脂肪酸甲基 (FAME).
- 确定最佳的过程参数,以最大限度地提高生物柴油产量和效率.
- 在此优化中比较RSM和Taguchi方法的有效性和成本效益.
主要方法:
- 优化五个关键的过程参数:甲醇与油的比率,催化剂重量,反应温度,反应持续时间和速度.
- 响应表面方法 (RSM) 与中央复合设计 (CCD) 的应用.
- 塔古奇直角法用于实验设计和分析的应用.
- 使用一种纳米催化剂,该催化剂来自氧化物 (CaO),通过水热技术从牛中合成.
主要成果:
- 在优化条件下 (5:1甲醇/油,1.5%催化剂,50°C,45分钟,250rpm) RSM实现了94.10%的最大FAME产量.
- 塔古奇方法预测FAME产量为86.36%,具有不同的最佳参数 (4:1甲醇/油,0.5%催化剂,60°C,25分钟,200rpm).
- 差异分析 (ANOVA) 表明,甲醇与油的比率显著影响了产量 (49.61%),RSM显示的确定系数 (R2=0.9943) 比Taguchi.
结论:
- 无论是RSM方法还是Taguchi方法都对优化Jatropha油转化有效.
- RSM提供了更高的产量,而塔古奇方法提供了更高的成本效益.
- 甲醇与油的比率是影响生物柴油产量的最关键参数,强调了优化可再生燃料生产过程参数的重要性.
相关概念视频
01:25Esters to Carboxylic Acids: Saponification
4.4K
Esters can be hydrolyzed to carboxylic acids under acidic or basic conditions. Base-promoted hydrolysis of esters is a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction in which esters react with an aqueous base, followed by an acid to give carboxylic acids. This reaction is also known as saponification because it forms the basis for making soaps from fats.
The reaction requires a base in stoichiometric amounts, which participates in the reaction and is not regenerated later. So, the base acts as a...
The reaction requires a base in stoichiometric amounts, which participates in the reaction and is not regenerated later. So, the base acts as a...
4.4K
01:20Carboxylic Acids to Esters: Acid-Catalyzed (Fischer) Esterification Overview
18.0K
The Fischer esterification reaction was developed by the German chemist Emil Fischer in 1895. It is a condensation reaction between carboxylic acids and alcohols in an acidic medium to give esters and water.
18.0K
01:13Carboxylic Acids to Esters: Acid-Catalyzed (Fischer) Esterification Mechanism
7.8K
Carboxylic acids react with alcohols to yield esters via an acid-catalyzed condensation reaction called Fischer esterification. This is a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction that proceeds via a tetrahedral intermediate, where a water molecule is eliminated as the leaving group.
7.8K
01:13Esters to Carboxylic Acids: Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis
2.8K
Hydrolysis of esters under acidic conditions proceeds through a nucleophilic acyl substitution. In the presence of excess water, the reaction proceeds in a reversible manner, forming carboxylic acids and alcohols.
During hydrolysis, the ester is first activated towards nucleophilic attack through the protonation of the carboxyl oxygen atom by the acid catalyst. The protonation makes the ester carbonyl carbon more electrophilic. In the next step, water acts as a nucleophile and adds to the...
During hydrolysis, the ester is first activated towards nucleophilic attack through the protonation of the carboxyl oxygen atom by the acid catalyst. The protonation makes the ester carbonyl carbon more electrophilic. In the next step, water acts as a nucleophile and adds to the...
2.8K
01:13Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview
2.1K
Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists...
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists...
2.1K
01:08Esters to β-Ketoesters: Claisen Condensation Mechanism
3.6K
Regular Claisen condensation involves the synthesis of β-ketoesters by combining identical ester molecules bearing two α hydrogens in the presence of an alkoxide base. The reaction commences with the deprotonation of the acidic α hydrogen by the base to form a resonance stabilized ester enolate. This nucleophilic ion then attacks the carbonyl center of another ester molecule to generate a tetrahedral alkoxide intermediate. Next, the expulsion of the alkoxide group from the...
3.6K