婴儿导向的沟通:检查日常护理人员与婴儿互动的许多维度
Jessica E Kosie1,2, Casey Lew-Williams1
1Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
在婴儿导向通信 (IDC) 期间,护理人员使用丰富的沟通信号组合,包括语音,动作和触摸. 这种多维的方法适应婴儿的线索和能力,增强早期学习环境.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 婴儿沟通 婴儿沟通
- 儿童早期发展 儿童早期发展
背景情况:
- 现有的研究往往忽视了婴儿沟通的复杂性,只专注于单一的线索,如语音.
- 婴儿导向通信 (IDC) 涵盖了广泛的信号,包括语音,动作,手势,情绪和触摸.
- 了解IDC的全部范围对于理解婴儿的沟通环境至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 引入和定义婴儿导向通信 (IDC) 作为护理人员信号的多维套件.
- 分析IDC信号在自然主义的护理者-婴儿互动中的维度和重叠.
- 为了研究照顾者IDC如何因婴儿行为和发育状态而有所不同.
主要方法:
- 与44名护理人员和他们的18至24个月大的婴儿一起录制了10分钟的家庭游戏会.
- 为IDC的五个维度 (语音,动作,手势,情绪,触摸) 和婴儿手势/发音编码的交互.
- 分析了护理人员IDC信号的频率,重叠和响应能力.
主要成果:
- 大多数护理人员都使用了IDC的五个维度,言语和非言语线索之间有明显的重叠 (超过60%的言语).
- 护理人员在IDC使用中表现出变化,建议量身定制的沟通策略.
- 针对婴儿的手势和发音,以及婴儿拥有较小的词汇量,IDC的维度增加了.
结论:
- 护理人员与婴儿之间的互动本质上是多维的,涉及各种沟通信号的动态相互作用.
- 该研究通过突出多个IDC维度的综合使用,重新定义了婴儿沟通环境.
- 了解细微的IDC是提高护理人员投入和早期学习过程知识的关键.
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