自世界脑死亡项目以来,关于脑死亡/通过神经学标准死亡的最新情况
1Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York.
Seminars in neurology
|April 15, 2024
概括
世界脑死亡项目 (WBDP) 提供了通过神经学标准 (BD/DNC) 确定死亡的全球建议. 本综述综合了WBDP的内容和最近的研究,敦促各国采用其标准,以实现一致的BD/DNC实践.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 法医医学 法医医学
背景情况:
- 世界脑死亡项目 (WBDP) 在2020年建立了关于脑死亡/通过神经学标准 (BD/DNC) 确定脑死亡的国际共识.
- 在BD/DNC诊断实践和法律认可方面存在显著的全球差异.
- 最近的科学进展需要对BD/DNC标准进行持续评估.
研究的目的:
- 审查和总结2020年WBDP共识声明所涉及的13个关键主题.
- 突出2020年至2023年之间发表的与BD/DNC确定相关的科学文献.
- 确定未来的研究重点,并倡导将WBDP建议纳入国家指南.
主要方法:
- 对WBDP共识声明及其引用出版物 (192篇文章) 的系统审查.
- 从2020年至2023年将BD/DNC的其他相关出版物纳入其中.
- 在13个定义的主题中对WBDP内容进行主题分析.
主要成果:
- 该WBDP涵盖了BD/DNC的关键方面,包括科学基础,临床标准,特殊人群 (儿科,新生儿,ECMO) 和确定后护理.
- 2020-2023年的文献显示,关于BD/DNC细微差别和应用的研究和辩论仍在继续.
- 在全球范围内,BD/DNC指导方针和实践的差异仍然存在,这强调了对标准化的需要.
结论:
- 该WBDP为BD/DNC的确定提供了一个全面的框架,涉及科学,临床,社会和法律层面.
- 国家努力至关重要,将WBDP的最低标准纳入指导方针,确保全球一致和道德的BD/DNC实践.
- 需要进一步的研究来解决关于BD/DNC确定的剩余问题,特别是在复杂的临床场景和不同的法律制度中.
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