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对SARS-CoV-2感染的特定年龄的鼻膜上皮反应

Maximillian N J Woodall¹, Ana-Maria Cujba², Kaylee B Worlock³

¹Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK.

Nature microbiology

|April 15, 2024

概括

在不同年龄段,SARS-CoV-2感染会对鼻腔细胞产生不同的影响. 儿科细胞表现出炎症,而老年人表现出增加的基细胞促进病毒传播,揭示了特定于年龄的细胞对COVID-19的反应.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
细胞生物学细胞生物学
病毒学病毒学

背景情况:

随着年龄的增长,SARS-CoV-2感染的严重程度有很大变化,老年人死亡率更高.
了解细胞对SARS-CoV-2反应的年龄相关差异对于有针对性的干预至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了研究鼻上皮细胞对SARS-CoV-2感染反应的年龄特异性差异.
为了比较细胞热带性,基因表达 (ACE2,TMPRSS2) 和儿科,成人和老年成人鼻细胞的功能变化.

主要方法:

从儿科,成人和老年成人捐赠者的鼻上皮细胞的ex vivo培养.
培养细胞感染SARS-CoV-2的感染.
分析细胞热带性,ACE2/TMPRSS2表达和基因表达特征 (干扰素刺激的基因).
从体内COVID-19研究中整合数据.

主要成果:

在鼻上皮细胞中,SARS-CoV-2 热流和 ACE2/TMPRSS2 表达因年龄组而异.
状细胞是所有年龄段的病毒复制部位.
儿科培养物发展出高干扰素反应和不完全病毒复制的杯子炎症亚型.
较老的成年人培养物显示基质类细胞增加,促进病毒传播和改变表皮细胞修复.

结论:

鼻上皮质细胞对SARS-CoV-2的反应取决于年龄.
不同的细胞亚型和途径与儿科和老年成人COVID-19病原体有关.
试验室模型有效地回顾了对SARS-CoV-2的早期表皮反应,为与年龄相关的疾病机制提供了洞察力.

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