在坦桑尼亚的儿童和成年人中增加了结核病例的检测,他们使用了非洲巨型袋鼠
Tefera B Agizew1,2, Joseph Soka3, Cynthia D Fast3,4
1Anti-Persoonsmijnen Ontmijnende Product Ontwikkeling (APOPO) Tuberculosis Department, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania. tefera.agizew@apopo.org.
BMC infectious diseases
|April 15, 2024
概括
训练有素的非洲巨型袋鼠显著改善了结核病 (TB) 检测,识别了超过一半的错过病例. 这些老鼠在儿童结核病的诊断中特别有效,即使细菌负载较低.
科学领域:
- 医学诊断 医学诊断 医学诊断
- 兽医医学 兽医医学 兽医医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 由APOPO培训的非洲巨型袋鼠可以在唾液样本中检测出结核病 (TB).
- 这项研究评估了基于老鼠的结核病例检测,并比较了儿童和成年人的真菌菌菌细菌负荷 (MTB负荷).
研究的目的:
- 评估基于老鼠的结核病检测与标准卫生设施方法相比的有效性.
- 为了比较儿童和成人之间基于鼠的结核病检测的性能,考虑MTB负载.
主要方法:
- 预期在DOT设施从涉嫌结核病患者收集唾液样本 (2022年1月至12月).
- 使用平均5只APOPO训练的老鼠对细菌学上负面样本进行重新评估.
- 通过显微镜确认鼠标阳性样本;检测产量的统计分析,年龄组和MTB负载之间的比较.
主要成果:
- 鼠标发现了2029个额外的结核病例,占确诊的结核病例总数的52%,这些病例在使用标准方法时会被错过.
- 与DOT设施相比,老鼠在具有较低酸快细菌 (AFB) 负载的样本中检测结核病的可能性是DOT设施的六倍.
- 鼠在儿童和成年人之间发现结核病例的可能性是老鼠的两倍,在儿童中,AFB负载较低的儿童与负载相似的成年人相比,AFB负载较低的儿童.
结论:
- 基于老鼠的查显著增加了节目设置中的结核病例检测,识别了超过一半的病例.
- 儿童,特别是那些MTB负载较低的儿童,更有可能被老鼠诊断出结核病.
- 需要对儿童特有的挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 进行进一步的研究,以提高这一群体的结核病诊断.
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